BALLYA Tenuazonic Acid Test is manufactured by BALLYA, it’s rapid test for detection tenuazonic acid residues in feed product, grain, edible oil, medicine and Chinese herbal medicin, especially in feed. Lateral flow assay test base on the gold immunochromatography assay technology.
Tenuazonic acid is one of the main toxins produced by the pathogenic fungus Alternaria sp. of the genus Alternaria. Tenuazonic acid is the most abundant alternaria toxin and can reach levels of several mg/kg in vegetables or fruits with sufficient high water content.
What is Alternaria?
Alternaria is a common saprophytic fungus on soil, air, and industrial materials. It is also common on plant leaves, seeds and dead grass. Some are parasitic fungi of cultivated plants. The mycelium is dark black and has a septum. It reproduces asexually with conidia, and no sexual generation has been found. Some strains can be used for the production of proteases or for the transformation of steroids. The toxins produced by Alternaria alternata include Alternaria alternol, Alternaria alternata methyl ether, Alternaria alternene, and Tenuazonic acid.
What are the types of Alternaria?
According to the different chemical structure of Alternaria mycotoxin, it can be divided into 5 different types: (1) Dibenzopyrones, also known as polyketones, representative toxins include AOH, AME, and Alternaria (ALT); (2) Four amino acid derivatives: TeA and iso-TeA; (3) Perylenequinones, including Alternaria Toxin I, II and III (ATX-I, ATX-II and ATX-III) and Stalking Mycotoxin III; (4) A series of glycerin ester compounds of long-chain amino polyols, namely AAL toxins. AAL toxins are divided into 2 different types, AAL-TA and AAL-TB. AAL-TA includes two esters (C13 or C14) of 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid and 1-amino-11,15-dimethylheptadecan-2,4,5,13,14-pentaol ). AAL-TB contains 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid and 1-amino-11,15-dimethylheptadecan-2,4,13,14-furan at C13 or C14 esters. (5) Hybrid structure, such as tentoxin (TEN), a cyclic tetrapeptide. The three main Alternaria mycotoxins that have been studied more are: AOH, AME and TeA.
Harm of Alternaria
Alternaria alternata infects agricultural products in a wide range, depending on the temperature, humidity, ventilation, sunshine, and toxin-producing strains in various regions. Several species of Alternaria alternata were isolated from sorghum, corn, wheat, rapeseed, sunflower seed, mustard, apple and tomato in the United States, Australia, Pakistan, Argentina, India, Spain, and the United Kingdom, and detected Alternaria Mycotoxin.
What are the hazards of Tenuazonic Acid?
Tenuazonic Acid can be detected in moldy grains, infected plants and rotten fruits. Tenuazonic Acid is highly toxic, can cause poisoning to humans and livestock, and bring certain hidden dangers to food safety. Since TeA is one of the major mycotoxins in humans and other organisms, it is important to minimize TeA contamination in food and feed to avoid health risks. In this regard, the present review discusses the presence of TeA in various food products and their effect on plants and animals.
How to control and prevent Tenuazonic Acid?
The main measures taken at home and abroad to prevent and remove mycotoxin contamination in food are: ① Use reasonable farming, irrigation and fertilization, and timely harvest to reduce mold infection and toxin production of food raw materials; ② Take measures to reduce the water content of grain and feed, reduce storage temperature, improve storage, and add T to reduce mycotoxin pollution; ③Cultivate fungal-resistant crop varieties through resistance breeding; ④Strengthen pollution detection and inspection, strictly implement food hygiene standards, and prohibit the sale and import of food and feed that exceed mycotoxins; ⑤Remove contaminated mycotoxins by chemical and physical methods such as alkali refining method, activated white clay, attapulgite clay or aging soil and other chemical and physical methods
What specimen can be detected by BALLYA Tenuazonic Acid Test?
Specimen include: all kinds of feeds, grain, edible oil, medicine and Chinese herbal medicine. Widely used in feed industry and food processing industry. You can choose the right products according to your needs.
Significance of tesing Tenuazonic Acid
To protect the animal have health feed, grain, edible oil, medicine and Chinese herbal medicine and avoid contaminated food. The tenuazonic acid is harmful for animal being, can not take too much in the body.
1. Take feed specimen 2. Add the supernatant to cassette 3. Wait for 15 minutes to result 4. The details of operation, refer to the kit instruction
Limitations of BALLYA Tenuazonic Acid Test?
BALLYA Tenuazonic Acid Test is a qualitative test kit. It’s only for screening purpose. If have positive cases or suspected case, maybe use other detection method to make a further detection, such as, ELISA, PCR, qPCR, etc.
Conclusion
Tenuazonic Acid is widespread in nature and poses a serious threat to people's daily food safety. It can be detected in moldy grains, infected plants and rotten fruits. Tenuazonic Acid is highly toxic, can cause poisoning to humans and livestock, and bring certain hidden dangers to food safety. The BALLYA Tenuazonic Acid Test provided by BALLYA can effectively detect the tenuazonic acid in the samples. Simple operation, short detection time and high accuracy are the characteristics of this product.