BTSul 3 Sensors 

Tri Sensor Kit, rapid to detect betalactam, tetracycline antibiotics and sulfonamides residues in milk and dairy product by using colloidal gold immune-chromatography technology. As soon as 7-10 minutes to results.

Beta-lactam antibiotics are a wide range of antibiotics, including penicillin and its derivatives, cephalosporins, monoamide rings, carbapenems and penicillene enzyme inhibitors etc. β-lactam antibiotics (β-lactams) refer to a large class of antibiotics with β-lactam ring in the chemical structure. Basically all antibiotics that include β-lactam core in their molecular structure belong to β-lactams Antibiotics.

It is the most widely used class of existing antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins that are most commonly used clinically, as well as newly developed cephalosporins, thiomycins, monocyclic β-lactams, etc. 

Such antibiotics have the advantages of strong bactericidal activity, low toxicity, wide indications and good clinical efficacy. The chemical structure of this class of medicines, especially the change of the side chain, has formed many antibiotics with different antibacterial spectrum and antibacterial effects and various clinical pharmacological properties.

The mechanism of action of various β-lactam antibiotics is similar. They can inhibit cell wall mucopeptide synthase, namely penicillin binding proteins (PBPs), thereby hindering the synthesis of cell wall mucopeptides, causing bacterial cell wall defects and bacteria expansion. 

In addition, the lethal effect on bacteria should also include triggering the autolysin activity of the bacteria, and mutant strains lacking autolysin show resistance. Animals have no cell wall and are not affected by β-lactam drugs. Therefore, this drug has a selective bactericidal effect on bacteria and has low toxicity to the host.

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and has antibacterial effects on bacteria. Its mechanism of action is that the drug can specifically bind to the A position of the 30S subunit of the ribosome to prevent the connection of aminoacyl-tRNA at this position, thereby inhibiting the growth of peptide chains and affecting the protein synthesis of bacteria or other pathogenic microorganisms. 

It is generally not used for bacterial infections, but mainly used for rickettsial disease, brucellosis, lymphogranuloma, mycoplasma pneumonia, spirochetes, chlamydia, etc. Oral absorption is not complete. Tetracycline can be secreted into breast milk and enter the fetus through the placenta, causing adverse reactions in offspring. Intravenous drip administration is now rarely used.

Tetracycline hydrochloride has a broad-spectrum anti-pathogenic microorganism effect, is a fast antibacterial agent, and has a bactericidal effect on certain bacteria at high concentrations. 

The mechanism of action is that the drug can specifically bind to the A position of the 30S subunit of the ribosome to prevent the connection of aminoacyl-tRNA at this position, thereby inhibiting the growth of peptide chains and affecting the protein synthesis of bacteria or other pathogenic microorganisms.

Secondly, tetracyclines can cause changes in the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, so the leakage of nucleotides and other important components in the cells, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. 

Tetracycline has strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningococcus, Escherichia coli, Aerobacter, Shigella, Yersinia, Listeria monocytogenes, Rickettsia, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Actinomycetes, etc.

Sulfonamide was synthesized as an intermediate of azo dyes as early as 1908. In 1932, German scientist K. Mitch synthesized the red azo compound Prontosil; from 1932 to 1935, G. Domark discovered that it had a good therapeutic effect on certain bacterial infections in experimental animals. After this epoch-making discovery was published in 1935, it caused a sensation in the world of medicine.

In 1939, Domak won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for the development of Prontosil. Soon, the research of French scientists clarified that the antibacterial effect of Bailangduoxi is due to the sulfonamide produced through metabolism in animals. In order to expand the antibacterial spectrum of sulfonamides and enhance its antibacterial activity, scientists in Europe and the United States have modified its structure in many ways, synthesized thousands of sulfa compounds (according to statistics in 1945, more than 5,000), and selected 30 from them. 

A variety of sulfa drugs with good efficacy and low toxicity, such as: pyridoxine, sulfadiazine (SP), sulfadiazine (SD), phthaloyl sulfathiazole (PST), sulfathiazole (ST), sulfamidine (SG), Sulfaisoxazole (SIZ), Sulfamethazine (SM2) were made.

Sulfonamides (SAs) are the general term for a class of drugs with a p-amino-benzene-sulfonamide structure, and a class of chemotherapeutic drugs used to prevent and treat bacterial infectious diseases. Sulfadiazines are a type of antibacterial drugs commonly used in modern medicine. They have a wide antibacterial spectrum, can be taken orally, and are quickly absorbed. Some (such as sulfadiazine, SD) can penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid through the blood-brain barrier. They are relatively stable, and not easily deteriorated.

There are thousands of sulfa drugs, and dozens of them are widely used and have certain curative effects.

Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic drugs, which inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria by interfering with the metabolism of bacterial folate. Unlike human and mammalian cells, bacteria that are sensitive to sulfa drugs cannot directly use folic acid in the surrounding environment. 

The activated form of tetrahydrofolate is a transfer body of one carbon unit, which plays an important role in the formation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. The structure of sulfa drugs is similar to that of p-aminobenzoic acid, so it can compete with p-aminobenzoic acid for dihydrofolate synthase and hinder the synthesis of dihydrofolate, thereby affecting the production of nucleic acid and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.

If the milk containing antibiotics is taken for a long time, the sensitive bacteria in the body will be killed or suppressed, but the resistant bacteria will multiply, which will break the original balance and cause long-term diarrhea or malnutrition. In severe cases, it can also cause resistant bacteria. infection.

Regularly drinking milk containing antibiotics is equivalent to long-term absorption of low-dose antibiotics. On the one hand, it can cause some pathogens in the body to gradually become resistant to multiple antibiotics; on the other hand, antibiotics can be selected in dairy farms. Drug-resistant bacteria may enter the human body through food, and then transfer drug-resistant factors to sensitive bacteria in the human body.

Some antibiotics can inhibit the growth of immunocompetent cells, or make them easy to destroy, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, etc., inhibiting the production of bone marrow leukocytes, leading to leukopenia.

Some stable antibiotics in waste antibiotic-containing milk can survive for a long time after being discarded in the environment, and will also affect the microorganisms in the ecological environment, such as destroying the balance of microorganisms in the soil and water, and increasing the resistant strains in the environment, posing a great threat to humans and other creatures living in this world.

Residual antibiotics in the raw milk will inhibit the reproduction of fermented milk and fermented bacteria, resulting in the failure of normal fermentation or abnormal fermentation of milk, which will seriously affect the fermentation of cheese, butter, and yogurt and the formation of later flavors, so the quality and taste of dairy products are reduced, causing huge economic losses to dairy manufacturers.

Antibiotic residues are becoming the most sensitive issue in international food trade that is likely to cause trade conflicts. Excessive antibiotic residues have caused great political and economic losses to China. Antibiotic residues have become a green barrier to international trade.

1. 8min reading results

2. Detection limits respond to EU and US FDA norms

3. Single test for every target sample

4. Neither professionals nor equipment required

5. Eyes interpretation or quantitative measurement, suitable for lab and field use

6. Room temperature storage

7. Non-toxic and harmless

Betalactam Tetracycline Sulfonamides Combo Test is a colloidal gold immunochromatography assay that detects Beta-lactams, Tetracycline and Sulfonamides in raw milk, milk powder, pasteurized milk and meets EU MRL. This kit can be applied for on-site rapid testing by various departments.

Samples include: raw milk, milk powder, pasteurized milk.

The LOD may change according to requirement or specimen's difference, please refer to kit instruction for further details.

Betalactam Tetracycline Sulfonamides Combo Test can help manufacturers, regulatory agencies, and the public monitor product quality and help humans protect their health.

1. Micro-Well Reagent: 8 tests/tube, 12 tubes/box

2. Test Strip: 8pcs/tube, 96pcs/box

3. Manual Instruction: 1pc

1. Sample Tube

2. Pipette & Pipette Tip

3. Well-Tray

1. Add 200ul milk into a well, then pipet up and down for 10 times to completely mix the sample with the reagent in the well.

2. Then incubate for 3min.

3. Insert the test strip into the micro-well with the sample pad fully dipped.

4. After 5 minutes, read the results.

When antibiotics were first used on humans, we regarded them as "elixir". As the problem of antibiotic abuse continues to worsen, their resistance has also brought huge harm to humans.

Therefore, in daily life, we should avoid food with antibiotic residues. The first step to self-help: we need to detect antibiotic residues.

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