The Sulfonamides Test is based on the Colloidal Gold Immuno-chromatography to detect the Sulfonamides residues in honey products. This kit can be applied for on-site rapid or lab testing by various departments.
Sulfonamides, also known as diaminosulfonyl, thioamide. The chemical formula SO2 (NH2) 2. The molecular weight is 96.11. Orthogonal plate-like crystals can absorb dry ammonia gas at room temperature to form a colorless ammonia complex, which is stable in acidic, neutral and alkaline aqueous solutions.
2. Structure
Very stable in the air. It decomposes at 250 ° C and mixes with anhydrous H2SO4 to form a transparent solution, but after 15 to 30 minutes, a white precipitate of aminosulfuric acid appears at room temperature.
When concentrated with an aqueous solution of equimolar LiOH, NaOH or Ba (OH) 2, crystals SO2N2H3Li, SO2N2H3Na or (SO2N2H3) 2Ba are formed.
Reacts with AgNO3 to form insoluble SO2 (NHAg) 2, and forms complexes with metal hydroxides, especially with Zn, Cu and Co hydroxides.
3. Synthesis
Very stable in the air. It decomposes at 250 ° C and mixes with anhydrous H2SO4 to form a transparent solution, but after 15 to 30 minutes, a white precipitate of aminosulfuric acid appears at room temperature.
When concentrated with an aqueous solution of equimolar LiOH, NaOH or Ba (OH) 2, crystals SO2N2H3Li, SO2N2H3Na or (SO2N2H3) 2Ba are formed.
Reacts with AgNO3 to form insoluble SO2 (NHAg) 2, and forms complexes with metal hydroxides, especially with Zn, Cu and Co hydroxides.
4. Mechanism of action
Sulfonamides drugs are bacteriostatic drugs, which inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria by interfering with their folate metabolism. Unlike human and mammalian cells, bacteria that are sensitive to Sulfonamidess cannot directly use folic acid in the surrounding environment, but can only use p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and dihydropteridine to be catalyzed by dihydrofolate synthase in bacteria Dihydrofolate is synthesized, and then tetrahydrofolate is formed by the action of dihydrofolate reductase.
The activated form of tetrahydrofolate is a one-carbon unit of transporter, which plays an important role in the formation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. The structure of sulfa drugs is similar to p-aminobenzoic acid, so it can compete with p-aminobenzoic acid for dihydrofolate synthase, hindering the synthesis of dihydrofolate, thereby affecting the production of nucleic acids and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria.
What are sulfonamdies used for?
1. Is Sulfonamides an antibiotic?
Sulfonamides is not an antibiotic but an antibacterial agent because it is not a substance isolated from microorganisms.
2. Sulfonamides drugs
Sulfonamidess have a broad antibacterial spectrum and have inhibitory effects on a variety of cocci such as meningococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, gonococcus, and certain bacillus such as dysentery bacillus, E. coli, proteus, and plague, It can also inhibit some fungi (such as actinomycetes) and malaria parasites.
Clinically used to treat epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, upper respiratory tract infection (such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, pneumonia, etc.), urinary tract infection (such as acute or chronic urinary tract infection, mild pyelonephritis), intestinal infection Such as bacterial dysentery, enteritis, etc.), plague, local soft tissue or wound infection, eye infection (such as conjunctivitis, trachoma, etc.), malaria, etc.
3. Sulfonamides tablet
Can be divided into three categories:
A. Sulfonamides for systemic infections This type of drug can be absorbed after oral administration, but the blood drug concentration duration is different. According to its t1 / 2, it can be divided into three categories: short-acting Sulfonamides (t1 / 2 is about 6 hours), medium-acting Sulfonamides (t1 / 2 is close to 12 hours) and long-acting Sulfonamides (t1 / 2 is more than 24 hours). At present, the main clinical application is medium-acting Sulfonamides, commonly used sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and sulfadiazine (SD). Others are less used.
B. Intestinal Sulfonamides This kind of Sulfonamides is rarely absorbed after oral administration, and mainly plays a bacteriostatic role in the intestinal tract, including sulfa squina (SG), sulfathiazole succinate (SST), phthalsulfathiazole (PST), phthalaSulfonamides (siramid, PSA), etc.
C. The Sulfonamidess for external use mainly include sodium sulfacetamide (SA: SC-Na), mepyramine (SML), silver sulfadiazine (SD-Ag), etc.
The hazards of sulfonamides
Health hazards: Harmful by inhalation, ingestion or absorption through skin. This product is irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.
Explosion hazard: This product is flammable and irritating.
Dangerous characteristics: Combustible in case of fire or high heat. Decomposition by heat, release toxic gases such as nitrogen and sulfur oxides. Sulfonamides drugs that are difficult to absorb rarely cause adverse reactions. The incidence of easily absorbed adverse reactions accounts for about 5%.
The most common are rashes and fever. It usually occurs 5 to 9 days after medication, especially in children. There is cross-allergy between Sulfonamides, so when a patient is allergic to sulfonamides, it is not safe to switch to other sulfonamides. Once an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be stopped immediately. Long-acting Sulfonamides have a high rate of binding to plasma proteins, and there are still drugs in the blood for a few days after drug withdrawal, so the risk is great.
Features of Sulfonamides Test
1. 15min reading results
2. Detection limits respond to EU and US FDA norms
3. Neither professionals nor equipment required
4. Easy to operate and read
Detection Method of Sulfonamides Test
The Sulfonamides Test, based on colloidal gold competition method, is used for testing Sulfonamides residues in honey sample and meets EU MRL. This kit can be applied for on-site testing by various departments.
Samples of Sulfonamides Test
Samples include: honey
Detection Limit of Sulfonamides Test
The LOD may change according to requirement or specimen's difference, please refer to kit instruction for further details.
Performance Information
Fluoroquinolones
MRL (ug/kg)
Enrofloxacin
0.5
Ciprofloxacin
1
Ofloxacin
0.5
Flumequine
1
Danofloxacin
0.5
Norfloxacin
0.5
Oxilinic acid
1
Lomefloxacin
5
Gatifloxacin
9
Enoxacin
7
Levofloxacin
7.5
Danofloxacin
5
Pefloxacin
5
Sarafloxacin
2
Importance of Sulfonamides Test
Sulfonamides Test can help manufacturers, regulatory agencies, and the public monitor product quality and help humans protect their health.
Components of Sulfonamides Test
1. Test Kit: 10pcs
2. Hexane（12ml）:1bottle
3. Product Instruction:1
4. Micro well: 10pcsc
5. Re-Hydration Fluid（2ml）: 1bottle
6. Centrifuge Tube (15ml): 20pcs
Materials for Sulfonamides Test
1. Ethyl Acetate
2. Mixer
3. Oscillator
4. Electronic Balance
5. Centrifuge
6. Organomation
7. Pipette
How to use Sulfonamides Test?
1. Read the instruction and let the sample at room temperature （20-25℃）.
2. Take out the test strip, use within 1h.
3. Drop 100µL of sample into the micro well, pipetting up and down for 6 times to dissolve the reagent. Then, incubate for 5mins at room temperature.
4. Drop 100µL sample into the sample well, stand for 5mins at room temperature.
5. Read the result within 5-8mins. The result after 5-8mins is invalid.
Interpretation for Sulfonamides Test
Summary
When antibiotics were first used on humans, we regarded them as "elixir". As the problem of antibiotic abuse continues to worsen, their resistance has also brought huge harm to humans.
Therefore, in daily life, we should avoid food with antibiotic residues. The first step to self-help: we need to detect antibiotic residues.
How to order Sulfonamides Test?
Please check the online catalog and contact our sale representative via email: info@ballyabio.com or fill out contact form below:
