Colchicine is an alkaloid, originally extracted from the lily family colchicine. It is yellow needle-shaped crystals, easily soluble in water, ethanol and chloroform, bitter and toxic.
The extraction method of colchicine
The traditional method of extracting colchicine from plants is generally solvent extraction. The advantage of this method is that the instrument and materials are easy to obtain, the method is relatively simple, but the reagent consumption is large.
The basic principle of the solvent extraction method is: according to the nature of colchicine, use the difference of its solubility in different solvents to separate according to certain steps and methods.
According to the different solvents used, traditional extraction methods can be divided into water extraction, acid extraction, and organic solvent extraction. The extracted mixture containing colchicine needs to be further separated and purified by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, ion exchange chromatography and other separation methods.
What is the use of Colchicine?
Colchicine is widely used in cytology, genetics research and plant breeding.
Indications of colchicine
(1) Gout This product may reduce white blood cell activity and phagocytosis and reduce the formation of lactic acid, thereby reducing the deposition of uric acid crystals, reducing inflammatory reactions, and playing an analgesic effect. Mainly used for acute gout, it is ineffective for general pain, inflammation and chronic gout.
(2) Anti-tumor It can inhibit cell mitosis and has anti-tumor effects, but it is highly toxic and has seldom been used. It has a significant effect on breast cancer, and may also have a certain effect on cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer. Some patients' tumors shrink, which is conducive to surgical resection.
The biological effects of colchicine
(1) For mid-term karyotype analysis (higher concentration) Inhibit mitosis, destroy the spindle, and make the chromosomes stagnate in the mid-division.
(2) Used for mutagenesis of plant polyploid (lower concentration) Colchicine is one of the best agents for mutagenesis of polyploidy. It is commonly used to treat seeds, stem growth points, young buds, flower buds, pollen grains and egg cells.
What are the side effects of Colchicine?
Adverse reactions of colchicine
Colchicine is highly toxic. Common nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal reactions are the prodromal symptoms of severe poisoning. The drug should be stopped when the symptoms appear. Renal damage can show hematuria, oliguria, direct inhibition of bone marrow, and cause granules. Cell deficiency, aplastic anemia.
(1) Gastrointestinal reaction: the most common side effect. Many gout patients experience nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea after taking colchicine. Some patients are unable to adhere to medication due to nausea, vomiting or severe diarrhea.
(2) Bone marrow toxicity: It mainly inhibits the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow, leading to leukopenia and aplastic anemia.
(3) Liver damage: It can cause abnormal liver function, and jaundice can occur in severe cases.
(4) Kidney damage: proteinuria may occur, and generally does not cause renal failure.
(5) Other side effects: including hair loss, skin allergies, depression, etc.
Precautions for the use of colchicine
(1) Enhancing the effects of central nervous system inhibitors and sympathomimetic drugs.
(2) It can cause reversible malabsorption of vitamin B12.
(3) Gastrointestinal reactions are usually prodromal symptoms of intolerance to this product or poisoning, and the dose should be reduced or stopped in time.
(4) Combined use with hypertension drugs can reduce the antihypertensive efficacy of the latter.
(5) Simultaneous application of thiazide diuretics and colchicine will affect its anti-gout efficacy.
(6) Pregnant women can cause teratogenicity, and the elderly are prone to accumulative poisoning, so use with caution.
(7) Interfering with the urine 17-hydroxycorticosterone measurement value, increasing serum ALT and AST, and false positive in urine hemoglobin test.
(8) Bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reaction, and paralytic intestinal obstruction. Leakage outside the blood vessel can cause local necrosis (for intravenous injection).
Note: The above content is for reference only, please use this substance under the guidance of experts!
What specimen can be detected by BALLYA Colchicine Test?
Specimen include: all kinds of grain. Widely used in grain and Chinese herbal medicine. You can choose the right products according to your needs.
Significance of testing Colchicine
To protect the health tobacco, avoid contaminated tobacco. The excess Colchicine is harmful for animal being, can’t take too much in the body.
1. Take some tobacco specimen 2. Add the supernatant to cassette 3. Wait for 15 minutes to result 4. The details of operation, refer to the kit instruction
Limitations of BALLYA Colchicine Test?
BALLYA Colchicine Test is a qualitative test kit. It’s only for screening purpose. If have positive cases or suspected case, maybe use other detection method to make a further detection, such as, ELISA, PCR, qPCR, etc.
Conclusion
BALLYA Colchicine Test is suitable for the detection of Colchicine residues in all kinds of tobaccos. Simple operation, high accuracy and short detection time are the characteristics of this product.
It can be widely used in food and drug administration, health departments, higher education institutions, scientific research institutes, agricultural departments, animal husbandry and veterinarians, breeding farms, slaughterhouses, food and meat products deep processing enterprises, inspection and quarantine departments and other units.
