How many common diseases do cows have? Common diseases of dairy cows include cow mastitis, cow foot, and limb disease, cow infertility, calf diarrhea symptoms, wrinkle displacement, and placenta infertility.
1. Prevention and treatment of cow mastitis
Mastitis is the most common disease in dairy cattle breeding. Generally speaking, clinical mastitis often leads to a rapid decline in milk production, and during this period the milk produced by diseased cows is not edible. Once stealth mastitis occurs, not only the milk production and milk quality of cows will decline sharply, but also the sick cows may gradually be unable to lactate. Relevant statistics show that the loss of the dairy industry caused by mastitis is very high, so it is listed as the key object of prevention and control.
Surveys show that cow mastitis is often caused by a bacterial infection, so prevention and management of this aspect are very important. First of all, the cleanliness of cow body and cowshed must be put in place to ensure timely ventilation, frequent replacement of mat grass and timely cleaning of feces in the breeding area; secondly, in daily milking work, both machine milking and manual milking must do a good job of breast scrubbing and cleaning, and the cleaning and maintenance of equipment must be synchronized in place.
Finally, the nutritional balance and feeding standards must be ensured in the ration allocation, and breast scratches caused by cattle fighting should be avoided as far as possible, and cows suffering from mastitis should be isolated in time to avoid further deterioration or infection. At present, there are many cattle farms to take medicine bath for cows, regularly soak the nipples of cows, every 10-30 seconds, can effectively prevent bacteria from entering the duct.
Prevention and treatment of cow mastitis:
1. Vaccination of the mastitis vaccine is a specific vaccine to prevent mastitis, which can effectively prevent mastitis, especially latent mastitis. Specific methods used are a subcutaneous injection of 5 ml each time for 3 times, injection of 1 needle for the first time in dried milk, injection of the second needle 30 days later, and injection of the third needle within 72 hours after delivery. It can effectively prevent the occurrence of mastitis.
2. Starting from 10 days before nipple medication bath or delivery, 1-2 times a day, once after milking, the main medicines for nipple medication bath are 4% sodium hypochlorite, 0.30% - 0.50% chlorhexidine, 0.20% peracetic acid and 0.50% - 1% iodophor, etc.
3. Combining traditional antibiotic therapy with traditional Chinese medicine therapy, the effect is obvious. Cloud moss seed can be taken orally, 250-300 grams of dosage according to the body shape of cattle, 1 dose every other day, 3 doses for a course of treatment. Chitosan can also be taken orally, feeding 15 grams a day, twice a day, mixed into concentrate, after eating, and then crude feed, feeding for 6-8 days.
2. Prevention and treatment of foot and limb disease in dairy cows
Foot and limb disease is one of the most common diseases in dairy cows. It is reported that the incidence of the foot-and-limb disease is high in summer and autumn, which is easily caused by the uneven nutrition facts of dairy cattle or improper feeding environment. Moreover, when the dairy farmer neglects the health care of the cow's limbs and hooves, foot and limb disease is easy to take advantage of the void. If not treated, the deterioration of the disease will lead to severe lower-limb paralysis, which will gradually affect the production performance of dairy cows and cause huge economic losses to farms (households).
Because the occurrence of foot and limb disease is often closely related to the feeding environment, environmental management should be the first step. On the one hand, the inspection of outcrop nails in combed must be thorough to prevent the occurrence of foot and limb scratches in daily feeding, and the laying of travel passages for cows should also do a good job of anti-skid measures. On the other hand, cleaning and cleaning of dairy farms should be carried out regularly, and sterilization must be thorough. Secondly, during the winter semen collection, attention should be paid to the way of pulling cattle by the rein, and the back pulling method must be adopted to prevent the breakage of limbs and feet.
Finally, in the nursing of cow's feet and limbs, it is necessary to repair the feet regularly in the period of the high incidence of illness and to take a certain degree of medicine bath on the feet when necessary. The cattle farmer should regularly clean up the dirt between the foot and toe seams of dairy cows, and add appropriate additives to the feed at intervals to ensure that the foot and limb grow nutritionally balanced.
Prevention of Foot-and-limb Disease in Dairy Cows:
1. Regular pruning and cleaning of cattle hoof should be prevented. Pour 10% copper sulfate solution into the sprayer with nozzle and spray directly into the fork for 1 time every other day.
2. Fixed the affected cattle in the six-column column, cleaned the affected foot with 1% potassium permanganate solution, repaired the sole, expanded the rotten cavity into an anti-funnel shape, let it bleed out, and filled the wound with potassium permanganate to stop bleeding. Then rinse and wipe with 3% - 5% potassium permanganate, pour the end of Dragon's blood into the wound cavity after debridement and then use burning red ax iron to solder it so that Dragon's blood melts and combines with keratin. If the wound cavity is deep, it's best to layered soldering, and fix it with a bandage, check once every 5 - 7 days, if the bandage does not fall, it need not be treated, otherwise, it will be repaired again, usually 1 - 3 times. Secondary healing. If there are more pus and blood secretions in the lesion, the lesion will be treated by routine treatment and then closed by exhaustion at the stage of dehydration and regeneration.
3. Prevention and treatment of infertility in dairy cows
Infertility of dairy cows is more common in the dairy industry in China, and it is relatively difficult to cure. At present, the impact of infertility on the dairy industry is enormous, and the incidence of infertility is more than 25%. In terms of disease, infertility is often caused by cow ovary disease and cow uterus disease. The incidence of cow uterus disease is relatively high, which is also the focus and difficulty of prevention and treatment of cow infertility in recent years.
Four aspects should be paid attention to in the prevention and treatment of cow infertility. First of all, when the estrus stage is about to enter, the breeder must do a close observation of the estrus period, timely detection of estrus cattle and determine its estrus period. Secondly, in the dairy cow delivery stage, the implementation of maternity care can also effectively prevent the occurrence of infertility. At the same time, for most dairy cows in the labor period, natural delivery should be the first choice, and artificial midwifery must not be too hasty. Finally, in terms of feeding management, feed feeding and environmental control should not be neglected. To ensure full feed price and balanced nutrition facts, dairy cows should exercise adequately.
4. Other
In addition to the above diseases, the common diseases of dairy cows are calf diarrhea, stomach displacement, and placenta inferiority. Although these diseases are relatively common, their harm to dairy cattle breeding can not be ignored. Moreover, as the number of dairy cows continues to increase, the impact of these diseases may also increase, which will cause trouble to work. In the current situation of rapid development, the prevention and treatment of common diseases of dairy cows obviously can not do without drug treatment. With the impact of various diseases on dairy production becoming worse and worse, corresponding disease prevention and control vaccines have emerged as the times require. Dairy cows are vaccinated regularly in daily feeding management to improve their resistance.
At the same time, when bovine inflammation occurs, besides adjusting the feeding management, the necessary drug injection and drug cooperation must also be used rationally. Moreover, it is also feasible and desirable to prevent and cure diseases by adding corresponding drugs to the feed of dairy cows, which not only ensures the nutritional balance of the body but also alleviates the work of disease prevention and control to a certain extent.