Bovine epidemic fever is an acute febrile infectious disease, which is caused by the infection of the bovine epidemic fever virus. The diseased cattle showed sudden high fever, tearing, shortness of breath, severe catarrhal inflammation of digestive organs and dyskinesia. Most of the diseased cattle will undergo a benign course after 2 to 3 days, but sometimes they will die due to secondary infection. The disease can lead to numerous cattle disease, seriously damaging the economic benefits of the dairy industry, which should be prevented and cured. Next, we will learn about the clinical symptoms of cow epidemic fever: the treatment of cow epidemic fever.
1. Epidemiology
Epidemic fever mainly occurs in cattle, and cattle, dairy cows and buffaloes are susceptible to infection. The disease has obvious seasonality, usually occurs in mosquitoes and flies and rainy and humid season, and shows a strong periodicity. A pandemic will occur in about 3 to 4 years. The infectious source of the disease is diseased cattle, especially those in the high fever stage, which contain numerous viruses in their blood. The susceptible cattle are inoculated with the virus by artificial vein. The disease will occur after 3 to 7 days. Naturally, blood-sucking insects are important vectors of the disease. When the blood-sucking insects disappear, the disease will cease to be prevalent accordingly.
2. Clinical symptoms
The disease has an incubation period of 3 to 7 days. The disease cattle often appear suddenly and their body temperature rises markedly. It can reach 39.5 to 42.5 degrees C and decrease to normal temperature after 2 to 3 days. At the same time, eyelid edema, conjunctival congestion, photophobia and tear in diseased cattle; rapid breathing, voice when breathing, sore throat, complete loss of appetite, stop rumination. Most of the sick cattle will be accompanied by rhinitis.
First, they will exudate the linear secretions, then flow out the mucous nasal mucus. There will be inflammation in the mouth, a lot of salivae, and a frothy corner. Some diseased cattle suffered from swelling, obvious pain, gradual stiffness, standing motionless and limping, and eventually fell to the ground because they could not stand. The body surface temperature was uneven, among which the ears, corners, and extremities had cold sensation. Some diseased cattle are accompanied by constipation symptoms or diarrhea and vomit.
During the fever stage, the urine volume of diseased cattle decreased, and the urine was cloudy and dark brown. Abortion and stillbirth occur in pregnant cows, and milk production decreases or stops. Most of the diseased cattle had a benign course, i.e. rapid recovery after 3-4 days. Cattle with severe symptoms may die within 1 to 3 days, but the mortality rate is usually less than 1%.
3. Preventive measure
Vaccination.
Epidemic fever vaccine can prevent the disease very well. Regular immunization in large-scale cattle farms is recommended. For rural retail households, the local animal epidemic prevention department can centralize the procurement of vaccines, advocate the immunization of cattle farmers to prevent diseases, thereby reducing the losses caused by diseases. At present, cattle often choose to use the inactivated vaccine with hot oil adjuvant, which has a good preventive effect.
Generally speaking, cattle are immunized for the first time four weeks before the breeding of blood-sucking insects. After three weeks, they are immunized once more. After three weeks, they can produce the immune system function and can be protected for half a year. At the time of inoculation, 4 ml was used for each adult cow and 2 ml for each calf.
Strengthen feeding management.
Keeping the cowshed clean, sanitary and well ventilated, and regularly spraying non-toxic and highly effective insecticides and insect repellents in the season of rising temperature every year for killing mosquitoes and flies, especially bloodsucking insects, thus completely cutting off the transmission routes, while properly increasing the feeding amount of energy and protein feed with good quality and green juicy feed, To improve the body constitution. Sterilization should be strengthened in the cowshed, especially in the season when the disease is prone to occur.
No foreign workers should be allowed to enter the cowshed, and strict disinfection should be carried out for the foreign workers entering and leaving the cowshed. Sterilization pools should be set up at the gate of the cattle farm to ensure the concentration and high suitability of the disinfectant solution in the pond, to ensure the efficacy of the medicine. Workers and cattle breeders in cattle farms should minimize their exposure to the outside environment and prevent cross-infection. It is necessary to strictly disinfect the tools and breeders used in each cowshed, and regularly disinfect the cowshed and its surrounding environment to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of the cowshed.
Western medicine treatment. Each time 5 million to 8 million IU penicillin, 3 to 5 g streptomycin, and 20 to 30 mL compound aminopyrine injection were taken. After mixing evenly, the diseased cattle were given intramuscular injection twice a day for 2 consecutive days. It has a good therapeutic effect. The diseased cattle can also be injected with 30 mL 10% aminopyrine injection twice a day for 3 consecutive days for a course of treatment, which has a good therapeutic effect.
It can also take 10% glucose injection, 200-500 mg vitamin B1, 20% sodium anhydride plus injection and 2-4 g vitamin C at the concentration of 1000-2000 mL and 20% sodium anhydride at the concentration of 10-30 mL, and inject the diseased cattle intravenously with sufficient solvent and uniform mixture twice a day for 2-3 days in a course of treatment, which has good therapeutic effect. It can also take 1500 mL saline, 250 mL glucose injection with 25% concentration, 30 mL Analgin with 30% concentration and 40 mL Analgin with 40 mL sodium at a time. After mixing evenly, the diseased cattle can be injected intravenously once a day for 3 days. It has a good therapeutic effect.