1. Early mating can bring about early returns.
Many farmers make cows breeding in less than 16 months, weighing less than 300 kilograms. The consequences are often difficult to give birth at the first trimester, and the growth and development of cows themselves are also affected, resulting in low lifetime weight and low milk production. The first mating time of dairy cows should be based on body maturity, and the first mating weight should be 350 - 400 kg.
2. Calves are not given milk pots for the first half month after birth.
After the calf was born, most of the farmers suckled the calf in small barrels or pots. As a result, the calf developed dyspepsia and dysentery. Because some digestive organs of calves can not be exercised by feeding in this way, it is difficult for them to establish rumen microflora, so it is easy to cause digestive tract diseases of calves.
3. Calves graze and identify a feed
The digestive organs of calves can not be exercised to reduce the quality of calf breeding. After adulthood, the volume of digestive organs and the intake of food are small, the digestive capacity is poor, and the milk production is inevitably low. The correct way is to provide the forage at the end of the first birth period. They should be freely fed on grass and hay and trained to feed calves that meet the nutritional standards. When the forage intake reaches 0.5 kg or more per day, the calves can wean. After weaning, the concentrate intake will increase rapidly. When they reach 2 kg, the calf feed will not be increased, but only the green and roughage feed will be increased.
4. Do not massage the breasts of bred cows
After the first pregnancy, the cows should be massaged every day to promote their growth and development and increase milk production after delivery. Massage of the breast also ensures that the primiparous cows can accept milking smoothly and avoid resistance to milking.
5. Irrational matching of concentrate and supplementary materials
Protein feed is generally used only one kind, such as soybean cake (meal) or cottonseed cake (meal), but seldom use soybean cake (meal), cottonseed cake (meal) and peanut cake (meal) together, almost no trace element additives, and no attention to the supply of vitamin A, D, E. The correct way is to select the special premix or concentrate for dairy cows sold by the regular feed factory and prepare it according to its recommended formula.
6. Feed green and roughage whatever they have.
In the summer and autumn grass season, farmers almost only feed grass instead of hay and straw, and in winter and spring, they only feed straw. The correct way is to ensure that grass is fed with hay throughout the year. For this reason, silage should be made and some grass and hay should be sunned. A certain amount of root tubers, stem tubers, and dregs such as carrots, pot-ale and brewer's grain should also be provided.
7. Dairy cows can't walk because they will drop milk if they move.
Most domestic cows have no farm playground. Even if there is a small area, dairy cows are tied up all day and lack of exercise, which affects the physical health of cows and reduces milk production and quality. To ensure the cow's exercise, it is better to keep driving or grazing for 2 - 3 hours every day.
8. Do not brush the cow's body and trim their hoofs.
To promote skin metabolism and improve milk production performance of dairy cows, lactating cows must be adhered to brushing 2 - 3 times a day, preferably before each milking. Due to the influence of nutrition and environmental factors, many dairy cows will have deformed hooves, footrot disease and so on, affecting the normal movement of dairy cows and the improvement of milk production performance. Therefore, hooves should be checked and repaired every spring and autumn.
9. Inadequate scrubbing, non-massage of breasts and non-medicated nipples during milking
According to the correct operating rules, wash the breasts with warm water of 40-50℃ before milking, then knead the whole breast with both hands from top to bottom, wait for breast expansion, milk immediately when breast reflex occurs, and do not lengthen the nipple when milking. After milking, the nipples are bathed in liquid medicine, and the commonly used drugs are 3%-5% sodium hypoglycin, 0.1% neogeramine, etc.
10. Non-repellent
Surface parasites make cows uncomfortable, restless, rubbing walls and grinding piles, which increase nutritional consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly repel insects (both in internal and in external) in spring and autumn every year, to give full play to the potential of feed, ensure the health of cattle and improve milk production.