There are two factors of dystocia: narrow pelvic orifice and birth canal, the incomplete opening of the birth canal, weak contraction of the uterus and abdominal wall in cows; excessive fetal size, abnormal fetal position, stillbirth, fetal malformation, and twins. For captive cattle, especially pregnant cows who lack exercise, dystocia is more likely to occur. Below is a specific understanding: the midwifery of dairy cows dystocia treatment of abnormal fetal posture of dairy cows lead to dystocia midwifery methods.
Although the two forelimbs have entered the birth canal during childbirth, the head and neck posture is abnormal, such as head and neck lateral rotation, fetal head bending, fetal head backward and head and neck torsion. Mainly due to the inadequate vitality of the fetus, lack of due reaction during delivery, head and neck failure to straighten, or because of rapid uterine contraction, premature rupture of the membranes, loss of fetal water and weak contraction, weakness, etc., the fetal head failed to enter the birth canal in a normal posture. Also, in the process of delivery, the head does not enter the birth canal before pulling the front leg alone too early, which can also cause abnormal head posture.
According to the degree of lateral rotation, the following midwifery methods can be used. Bare-handed correction: the operator reaches into the birth canal and holds the fetal lip or orbit, pushes the fetal head back slightly while pulling the fetal head into the pelvic cavity. It can also use the hand to push the fetal neck base to make some space for the birth canal, immediately grasp the lower jaw or neck of the fetal lip and pull the fetal head, and then pull the two forelimbs out slowly.
Instrument correction is mainly to use an obstetric rope to straighten the mandible or neck of the fetus. The method is to bring a single rope into the uterus in the middle three-finger sheath of the right hand of the operator and tighten the rope sheath in the fetus's mandible. The operator pinches his thumb and middle finger to the opposite side of the orbit to press the fetal head and push the fetus forward. At the same time, the assistant pulls the rope and the two cooperate to straighten the fetal head. Neck amputation. When the operation is difficult and can not be corrected, the neck can be cut off with a wire saw or a cutter, and the fetal head and the fetal body can be removed separately. The method is to use a wire saw or a strander to tie the neck with a saw blade or a steel strand. The front end of the SAW pipe or steel pipe is placed at the base of the neck. The neck is sawed or stranded, and then removed separately.
Abnormal forelimb posture may be due to the lack of proper fetal response to delivery, the inadequate opening of the neck, or excessive constriction. Wrist joint flexion, shoulder elbow joint flexion, shoulder joint flexion and foot top position were the most common.
Wrist flexion. When the wrist joint of the diseased cow flexes, a forefoot can be seen in the vagina. Neither forefoot extends out of the birth canal. The normal fetal head and wrist joint with one or two forelimbs flexion can be detected during the examination of the birth canal.
According to the situation of flexion, the following methods can be used: the surgeon puts the obstetric bar between the breast and forelimb of the fetus and hands it to the assistant to push the fetus into the fetus. At this time, the surgeon holds the palm of the flexed limb with his hand, pushes it in as far as possible, lifts it upward, slides and holds the hoof while taking advantage of the situation, and pulls the hoof into the birth canal.
The operator uses a single rope sheath to tie the uterus or a guide rope device to take the rope into the tie. The operator pulls the rope in one hand, holds the upper part of the metacarpal bone in one hand and pushes it upward and inward, while the other hand pulls the tie rope. When pulled to a certain extent, the other hand can turn the hands and pull the hooves, and pull the forelimbs together. When the fetus is small and difficult to correct, the wrist flexion can be pushed back into the uterus as far as possible, turning it into shoulder flexion, then pulling the head and normal limbs, or possibly pulling the fetus out. If fetal death or flexion of the wrist is squeezed into the birth canal, the wrist can be truncated when it cannot be pulled out. The method is to take the saw blade into the birth canal or uterus with a guidewire, bypass the flexed wrist joint, and cut it by a wire saw. First, the cut part is taken out, then the broken end is wrapped up, and then the fetus is pulled out.
Shoulder elbow flexion. Fetal forelimbs are not fully straightened, elbows are flexed, shoulder joints are also flexed, resulting in increased chest volume, difficult to produce. Firstly, the tie of the flexed limb is tied with a rope. The surgeon pushes the shoulder joint with his hand or puts the obstetric bar between the shoulder end and the chest wall. While pushing the fetus hard, the assistant pulls the rope outwards to straighten the flexed limb.
There are two kinds of inverted tarsal joint flexion and hip joint flexion, one or two of which are more common.
First, tie the hind limb department with obstetric rope, push the fetus in between the tail root of the fetus and the sciatic arch with obstetric bar, and the assistant pulls the rope upward and outward. The operator takes this opportunity to grasp the sole or even the foot in turn and try to lift it, pull the flexed limb into the birth canal, and finally pull the fetus out. If the tarsal joint is squeezed deeper into the birth canal and the fetus is not large, it can be pushed back to the uterus to make it become hip flexion, then the two hind limbs are respectively wrapped around the base with rope, and then pull the normal limbs and the rope of the two hind limbs, sometimes the fetus can be pulled out.
Midwifery management of dairy cow dystocia
Prenatal examination
Before midwifery, we should know the time of starting delivery, whether it is primipara or midwifery, whether the membranes are ruptured, whether there are amniotic fluid outflow and breakage time, and whether the abdominal circumference and the female livestock are too small. Primary mothers often have difficulty in delivering because of the narrow birth canal, and multipartum mothers often have difficulty in delivering because of the improper position, direction, and posture of fetal animals.
Examine the birth canal for mucosal edema, dry surface and non-invasive, and pay attention to the degree of injury and infection. At the same time, attention should be paid to whether the fetal position is normal and the fetus is alive, the cow's overall situation, such as weak or hypercarbia, irregular rhythm, must be infused or strong heart, etc.
Prenatal preparation
Stand the cow in front of the high and low position, it can't stand for a long time, can lie on the side. The exposed part of the fetus and the perineum and tail root of the mother and livestock were washed and disinfected with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.
The required equipment should be disinfected well, and 2-3 soft and tough cotton ropes about 3 meters long should be equipped for fetal traction.
Midwifery with dystocia
For those who are unable to deliver, the surgeon puts his hand into the birth canal and pulls the fetal animals out forcibly according to the matters needing attention in midwifery. Or inject oxytocin injection or pituitary posterior hormone to induce labor. If necessary, it can be repeated after 20-30 minutes.
If the birth canal is not open properly and the cervix is tense, inject ethylene-stilbestrol, and then inject 1% procaine hydrochloride at the cervical orifice point, then slowly pull the fetus out, stimulate the cervix and make it expand well.
Fetal malposed midwifery should first push the fetus into the birth canal or uterus, correct and then pull the fetus out.
Matters needing attention
When correcting the fetal position, the fetus should be sent back to the birth canal or uterine cavity, and then the direction, position, and posture should be corrected. To correct hopelessness, cervical stenosis, and pelvic stenosis, laparotomy should be performed in time.
Before injecting oxytocin, it is necessary to check whether the cervix is fully opened. If you can feel the boundary between the cervix and the vagina with a sterile hand, it means that the cervix is not completely opened. Oxytocin is not available and female stimulation is applied.
When forcibly pulling the fetus, the surgeon should cooperate with the rhythm of cow nu-chi and tell the assistant the strength, direction and time of pulling the fetus to avoid damaging the birth canal.
To smooth the birth canal and protect the mucosa, sterile paraffin oil can be injected.
Nursing after midwifery
After pulling out the fetal animals, wash the vagina and around the vulva with a 1% potassium permanganate solution. Penicillin powder or oxytetracycline powder can also be sprayed into the birth canal to prevent infection.
Feed Leonurus powder, add brown sugar and rinse with boiling water. If bleeding occurs, the intramuscular injection of hemostatic agents and the fluid infusion can be carried out.
When the placenta is detained, it should be treated according to the placenta not remaining.
Feed more digestible and nutritious green fodder after delivery.