Uteritis is one of the most common and frequently-occurring diseases in dairy cows, and it is also one of the important causes of infertility in dairy cows. Because the embryo grows and develops in the uterus when uterine inflammation and exudates from inflammation occur, the fertilization process can be affected, but also the embryo implantation process in the uterus can be affected, resulting in infertility or abortion. This article summarizes the causes, clinical symptoms and treatment measures of hysteresis in dairy cows for reference.
1. Causes
In the early postpartum period of dairy cows, about 93% of the uterus bacterial contamination will occur, but most of the contamination can be automatically removed by the body. It is reported that the uterus infection rate of dairy cows can be reduced to about 39% after 46-60 days of postpartum. However, when dairy cows suffer from dystocia, uterine retardation, fetal placenta retention, and iatrogenic infection vaginitis, the possibility of uterine inflammation increases. When dairy cows have hydrometric or twins, the uterus expands obviously, or the obstetric tract undergoes physical damage due to dystocia, which leads to uterine inflammation.
Due to the serious environmental pollution caused by the reuse of delivery rooms, or delivery in pens without roofs or dung ditches, as well as during forced captivity, which may aggravate environmental pollution, can promote the occurrence of hysteresis in dairy cows; poor management conditions of dairy cows, poor hygiene during midwifery, and artificial transfusion. Sperm without strict disinfection can also cause uterine inflammation. Besides, in cattle farms, the incidence of uterine inflammation was significantly increased during the first few months of routine feeding in extremely hot, freezing and cold seasons in the north.
2. Clinical symptoms
Acute endometritis:
It is mainly caused by postpartum endometritis in dairy cows due to abortion or unequal placenta. It usually occurs 3-7 days after delivery. It can be divided into pyogenic, fibrinogenous and mucinous endometritis. With the increase of labor, the course of the disease will gradually worsen. The diseased female cows show mental depression and body temperature. Increased appetite, loss of appetite or complete abolition, reduced lactation, frequent blame, arch back, often urination posture, and purulent or mucous secretions with gray or pink discharge from the vagina, and emit a foul odor.
Chronic endometritis:
Usually caused by acute transformation or mild infection during cattle breeding. The name of the disease often does not have obvious systemic symptoms, but forms an irregular oestrus cycle, or does not show obvious oestrus symptoms, and when oestrus, mucus containing flocculent substances are discharged from the vagina, or contains purulent secretions of different sizes. When dairy cows have vaginitis, their vulva appears redness, swelling and valgus, and can not return to normal state after estrus. The cervix and one or both corners of the uterus are hardened and thicker, with poor elasticity, dull tactile response, reduced sensitivity, and repeated sterility.
3. Diagnosis
Diagnosis of the disease should be based on the onset time, clinical characteristics, course of disease and whether abortion occurred in dairy cattle, and combined with its history, judging from the degree of uterine inflammation, can also extract abortion fetus, placenta, uterine discharge for bacterial culture, according to the diagnosis results to determine treatment measures. A variety of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus hemolytic, Necrobacterium, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces Pyogenes, Clostridium clostridia, Proteus and other anaerobic bacteria, can be isolated from the uterine effluent.
Check the characteristics of secretions:
When cows are in normal estrus, more secretions will flow out from the vagina, which is clear and transparent and can be drawn into filaments. However, cows with uteritis may have more secretions from the vagina, but they are thinner, unable to pull into filaments, or more secretions, which are thick, but turbid and gray-yellow or gray-white.
Check the vaginal:
In the vagina of diseased cattle, different degrees of swelling and congestion can be seen at the cervical orifice, and when the cervix is not completely closed, inflammatory secretions of different shapes can be discharged. But when the cervix of the cow is completely closed, NO secretion will be discharged.
Check the rectal:
In diseased cattle, one or two enlarged uterine horns can be touched, the uterine wall is thicker and the contraction reaction is weak. Touching the uterus of diseased cattle sometimes feels pain and accumulates more secretions, which can cause obvious fluctuations.
4. Treatment
Western medicine treatment:
Cattle ranchers should pay more attention to these diseased cattle. When cattle suffer from catarrhal and purulent endometritis, 40-60 mg estrogen is injected intramuscularly on the first day, the dose is halved on the second day, and 20-60 U oxytocin is injected intramuscularly at intervals of 4 hours for four consecutive times. On the third day, the uterus is washed with 0.1-0.2% saline or rival and then rinsed at 250-5%. Add 5-10g soluble anhydrotetracycline to 00mL normal saline and heat it to 40 C.
All of them are perfused into uterus once a day, 4-8 times in a row. When suffering from chronic endometritis, 500 ml. In normal saline, 5.0 g of dysentery, 32 g of chloramphenicol, 40-80 mg of estradiol benzoate and 20-40 mL of paraffin oil or cod liver oil were added. After full mixing, they were heated and perfused into the uterus at about 40 C. Usually 50 mL was perfused into the uterus at intervals of 1 day for 3-8 consecutive times. Besides, 160-3.2 million U penicillin and 2 million U streptomycin sulfate can be added to 100-250 mL normal saline.
After mixing, they can be heated up to 40 C and injected into uterus 6-8 hours before or 10-18 hours after mating. Also, when choosing to Palace convalescent drugs in the uterus, the officials should be cleaned first. Those with serious illness should be treated with 50 mL, while those with mild illness should be treated with 30 mL, once every day, 2-5 times in a row.