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Five major problems of calves after birth

Will calves get illed affect the quality of milk?

Posted on  November 14, 2019, Edited by Victoria, Category  

1. Respiratory problems
Generally, fever, asthma, cough, runny nose and other respiratory problems (cold) of calves, or more serious pulmonary problems (pneumonia), the main causes of the disease are the low temperature in the cowshed, weak calf physique, and numerous pathogens in the air. Fever abatement or heat clearance and detoxification (such as analgin, antondin, Herba Houttuyniae, Bupleurum injection, Shuanghuanglian injection, etc.), antimicrobial (such as Sodium Ceftiofur, penicillin, etc.), antiviral (such as Astragalus Polysaccharide injection) and other symptomatic treatment schemes can be carried out for diseased calves, and the temperature in cowshed should also be guaranteed.

Five major problems of calves after birth
Five major problems of calves after birth

2. Digestive problems
The digestive problems of calves can be divided into dyspepsia, dyspeptic diarrhea, bacterial diarrhea, viral diarrhea, and mixed infection.

Dyspepsia.
The cowshed temperature is too low or the place where the calves crawl is too cold, and the calves eat more milk and have good quality, so that they are prone to dyspepsia, usually manifested as loss of appetite or abdominal distention, love to lie down, abdominal pain and so on. This calf can be fasting for one day, only fed some warm water and lactasin to promote digestion. Abdominal distention in serious cases can be fed paraffin oil to slow diarrhea and discharge deposited milk in the stomach.

The cowshed temperature is too low or the place where the calves crawl is too cold, and the calves eat more milk and have good quality, so that they are prone to dyspepsia, usually manifested as loss of appetite or abdominal distention, love to lie down, abdominal pain and so on. This calf can be fasting for one day, only fed some warm water and lactasin to promote digestion. Abdominal distention in serious cases can be fed paraffin oil to slow diarrhea and discharge deposited milk in the stomach.

Dyspeptic diarrhea. 
If dyspepsia can not be alleviated, it may be secondary to dyspeptic diarrhea. The feces discharged by calves become thinner, and the milk pieces that have not been completely digested can be seen, the specific treatment scheme can refer to dyspepsia.

Bacterial diarrhea. 
Direct infection (ingestion of impurities by calves) or subsequent infection, calf feces are milky white, jelly-shaped or bloodstained. Sulfaguanidine, berberine or other antimicrobial agents can be administered orally based on the treatment of dyspepsia.

Viral diarrhea and mixed infection. 
Directly infected or subsequently infected, calf feces are gray, green or black, thin as water and have a fishy odor. In the case of severe diarrhea, besides digestive and antimicrobial treatment, fluid replacement should be carried out to regulate body fluid and electrolyte balance.

3. Cannot stand
Calves can stand on their own about half an hour after birth normally and will look for the nipples of cows to suck colostrum. However, some calves can not stand on their own for a long time. There are many reasons for this problem.

Five major problems of calves after birth
Five major problems of calves after birth

First, calves are weak or premature delivery. This problem can be caused by extensive feeding and management, poor quality of feed, less exercise and poor physique of cows during pregnancy. Careful care should be taken for this kind of calves. Artificial supplementary feeding should be carried out regularly. They should be placed on warm, clean and soft bedding and fed 10-20 ml of cod liver oil every day. Usually, after 5 to 10 days of careful care, they can stand on their own.

Second, the temperature in cowshed is too low or did not eat colostrum in time. When the cowshed temperature is too low, it will take heat away from the calves, and if the calves do not eat colostrum in time and can not get external nutrition, so the calves are likely to have difficulty standing. The temperature of the delivery room should be kept above 15℃. After the calf is born, we should dry the body mucus immediately and assist it to eat colostrum.

Third, calves have congenital limb disabilities. Some calves are born with extremity disabilities. For this kind of calf, we can only correct it as far as possible, such as binding wood chips, and then strengthen calcium supplementation.

Fourth, calves lack calcium or selenium. There are two kinds of calcium deficiency, one is congenital calcium deficiency, that is, calcium deficiency after birth, which is mainly caused by insufficient calcium intake during pregnancy or an imbalance of calcium-phosphorus ratio in cows. The other is acquired calcium deficiency, which is normal at birth, but due to the insufficient calcium content in food intake (mainly breast milk), calcium deficiency in calves will become more and more serious day by day. Calcium tablets can be fed artificially to calves lacking calcium. Besides, cows must feed more soybean meal and bone meal during lactation. Selenium deficiency can cause "white muscular disease", which usually occurs after 30 days of age. Calves can not stand while looking at everything normal. For selenium-deficient calves, sodium selenite vitamin E injection can be injected.

4. Umbilical cord problem
The umbilical cord of the calf was broken 10 to 20 minutes after birth and 5 to 8 centimeters from the abdomen, then iodophor was applied to disinfect. Iodophor was applied 2 to 3 times a day until the umbilical cord dried up. Many cattle farmers like to tie the umbilical cord with rope, which is very easy to cause umbilical infection. The infection of the calf umbilical cord can lead to red and swollen or even pustule. In mild cases, only intensified disinfection is needed. In severe cases, besides intensified disinfection, antimicrobial treatment should be carried out. If the pustule is large, we should scratch the pustule and clean up the pus inside.

5. Cows refuse to breast-feed
Individual postpartum cows will refuse to milk calves, mainly because of poor maternity, mastitis, lack of milk or less milk.

Poor maternity.
Often seen in first-born cows, but artificially fixed cows to assist calves to feed milk, after some time will no longer refuse to breast-feed, for more than two consecutive parity are refused to breast-feed cows should be eliminated as far as possible.

Mastitis.
After cow suffers from mastitis, they will refuse to breast-feed because of pain, and calves will suffer from diarrhea if they eat milk which is deteriorated. In addition to the treatment of cows, calves should also breast-feed in other ways, such as looking for other cows to replace breast-feed, artificial breast-feed, etc. Artificial breast-feed must be fixed temperature, quantity, timing, and quality.

Lack of milk or less milk.
Soybean cake soup can be fed, and the amount of green juicy feed can be increased appropriately, or some Chinese medicine for promoting milk can be fed. At the same time, artificial breast-feed and early supplementary feeding of calves can be carried out to reduce the pressure of breast-feeding of cows.

Five major problems of calves after birth
Five major problems of calves after birth

Three Things Should be Done Well in Raising Calves
The calf is a newborn calf whose main nutritional source is milk within 6 months of age. Because of the distinct difference in digestive characteristics and adult cattle, the following three things should be well done in feeding and management.

1. Suckling
Calves should be fed colostrum 1-2 hours after birth and kept feeding 4-6 times a day. If cows are milk-free, artificial colostrum can be prepared to feed newborn calves.
Formula: 750 ml of normal milk, 10 g of salt, 15 g of fresh cod liver oil, 2-3 eggs added, and heated to 38 ℃ after the full concussion.

2. Raising
Service and meat calves are mostly fed naturally, while dairy calves are best fed artificially.

Method: The milk was fed with a rubber nipple covered with a bottle. You can dip your finger into the milk and then insert it into the calf's mouth for induction so that the calf can suck milk on its own after two or more inductions. Thirty minutes after each feeding, calves should be given warm water at 35 - 38℃ and cold water after 20 days. The shed should be ventilated, dry and sanitary, and the cowshed should change the bedding frequently. Five to six days after calf birth, we can start brushing the body and pay attention to its proper exercise.

3. Weaning
The lactation period of calves is usually 5-6 months, which can also be shortened to 3 months. For newly weaned calves, they should be fed with nutritious and digestible feed, and be careful not to suddenly change feed. Cattle under one-year-old should be fed mainly with high-quality hay and grass, and supplemented with 1-2 kg of formula feed, 20-30 g of salt and 20-30 g of calcium hydrogen phosphate every day. When calves reach their first year of age, we need to change their feed. The dietary standards are as follows: 1-1.5 kg of concentrate, 8-12 kg of silage or root feed, 6-8 kg of hay, and supplementary minerals.

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