The protective capabilities of medical mask in our country are medical protective mask, medical surgical mask, and general medical mask in descending order.
Different types of masks follow different standards, and different masks have different scopes of application. Several main standards of Chinese masks are GB2626-2019 respiratory protection self-priming filter anti-particulate respirator, GB / T32610-2016 daily protective mask technical specifications, YY / T0969-2013 disposable medical mask, YY0469-2011 medical surgery Technical requirements for masks, GB19083-2010 medical protective mask.
The standard filter element is divided into two categories (KN and KP) according to the filtration performance. The KN category is only suitable for filtering non-oily particulate matter, including KN90 (≥90%), KN95 (≥95%), KN100 (≥99.97%) level. KP class is suitable for filtering oily and non-oily particulate matter, including KP90 (≥90%), KP95 (≥95%), KP100 (≥99.97%) three levels.
The numbers after KN and KP refer to the filtration efficiency level. The higher the number, the better the filtration effect. KN mask do not test the penetration of synthetic blood and the resistance of the surface to moisture. Therefore, these masks can block the virus for a short time, but they cannot be used to contact patients who may have splashes or long-term contact with patients.
The technical specifications of daily protective mask are civil mask standards, which are proposed by the China National Textile and Apparel Council and are under the jurisdiction of the National Textile Standardization Technical Committee (SAC / TC209).
According to the filtration efficiency, it can be divided into grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ. Corresponding filtration efficiency: salty media are ≥99%, ≥95%, ≥90%; oily media are ≥99%, ≥95%, ≥ 80%. The protective effect of masks is divided into A, B, C, and D levels from high to low. The ambient air quality applicable to masks at all levels is severe pollution, serious and below pollution, heavy and below pollution, moderate and below pollution.
Masks at all levels should be able to reduce the concentration of inhaled particulate matter (PM) to ≤75μg / m in the corresponding air pollution environment (air quality index category good and above). When the protective effect level of the mask is A level, the filtering efficiency should reach level II and above; when the protective effect level of the mask is B, C, D level, the filtering efficiency should reach level III and above.
The American NIOSH standard classifies the filter mesh material and filtering efficiency of the mask. This standard is highly recognized in the world. According to the filter material of the middle layer of the mask, it is divided into three types: N, R, P series, and each can be divided into three levels according to the filtration efficiency.
N is used to protect non-oily suspended particles. Generally, non-oily particles refer to coal dust, cement dust, acid mist, microorganisms, etc., and the droplets generated by talking or coughing are not oily. In the raging smog pollution, the suspended particles are mostly non-oily.
Oily particulate matter refers to oily smoke, oil mist, asphalt smoke, etc. The oily smoke produced by cooking is oily particulate matter. R and P are used to protect non-oily and oily suspended particles. Compared with the R series, the P series is used for a relatively long time, and the specific use time is according to the label of different manufacturers.
The N95 mask is a type of mask with a filtration efficiency ≥95% in the N series. When the tightness test of the wearer’s face is performed, it is ensured that the air can enter and exit through the mask when it is close to the edge of the face. Authentication number.
The BS EN 149-2001 + A1-2009 standard is a requirement, test, and marking standard for filtering half masks that can prevent particulates after used respiratory protection devices. It is a filtering half mask that can protect particles. According to the tested particle penetration rate, it is divided into three levels: P1 (FFP1), P2 (FFP2), P3 (FFP3). 94%, FFP3 low filtration effect ≥97%. The filtering efficiency of FFP2 mask is similar to the medical protective mask, KN95 mask and N95 mask mentioned above.
AS / NZS1716: 2012 is a standard for respiratory protection devices in Australia and New Zealand. The standard specifies the procedures and materials that must be used in the manufacture of anti-particle masks, as well as the determined tests and performance results to ensure their safe use.
The standard is divided into three categories, P1: low filtration effect ≥80%; P2: low filtration effect ≥94%; P3: low filtration effect ≥99%. The standard of medical mask in Australia is AS4381: 2015, which is divided into Level1, Level2 and Level3 according to the core indicators.
The performance of medical mask materials is based on bacterial filtration efficiency (F2101), differential pressure (EN 14683), submicron particle filtration efficiency (F2299), synthetic blood permeability (F1862) and flammability tests (16 CFR part 1610). The intended use of medical masks is to protect the wearer from splashes or splashes during the healthcare process and to prevent the wearer from splashing and spraying to the environment.
The main standard of masks locally manufactured in India is IS 9473: 2002, and the masks of the Indian IS 9473: 2002 standard are divided into three levels: FFP1, FFP2, and FFP3. FFP is a European standard. European standard masks are certified by the European Standards Committee Respiratory Protective Equipment It is FFP1 minimum filter effect ≥80%, FFP2 minimum filter effect ≥94%, FFP3 minimum filter effect ≥97%.
The Japanese JIS T8151: 2018 standard is a standard for respiratory protection devices, and is also a verification standard of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW). The common disposable salt filter filtration specifications are as follows, DS1: low filtration effect ≥80%; DS2: low filtration effect ≥99%; DS3: low filtration effect ≥99.9%.
Korean mask standard KF (Korean filter) series, KF series standard is the mainstream Korean mask standard (Regulations on the Approval, Notification, and Evaluation of Quasi) issued by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) -Drugs.
The KF series is divided into KF80, KF94 and KF99. KF80: ≥80% (salty medium only); KF94: ≥94% (oily and salty medium); KF99: ≥99% (oily and salty medium).
The standard of Malaysian mask is JKKP HIE / 12/2/1 of DOSH. All pressure equipment manufactured or imported for use in Malaysia must be authorized by a third-party inspection agency as the "inspection agency" of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) to certify the design, manufacturing, and inspection processes. Relevant products that have not been certified by DOSH authorized institutions will be refused entry by Malaysian Customs.