Japanese Encephalitis Virus Test For Pig (Ab)

When a pig is infected with JE, there are almost no cases of encephalitis at the clinic; pigs often occur suddenly, body temperature rises to 40-41 degrees Celsius, residual fever, diseased pigs with atrophy, reduced appetite or abolition, and dung is spherical. Gray-white mucus was attached to the surface; some hind limbs were slightly paralyzed, the gait was unstable, joints were swollen, and limp; some sick pigs had visual impairment; and finally died of paralysis.
Sudden abortion occurred in pregnant sows, giving birth to stillbirth, mummy and weak fetus. The sow showed no obvious abnormal performance, and the fetus was also seen in the same parity. In addition to the general symptoms of boars, unilateral testicular swelling often occurs, as well as bilateral. Testicular scrotal folds disappear, become bright, and there is heat pain. Swelling subsides after about 3-5 days, and some testes become swollen. Small harden and lose the ability to breed. If only one side is inflamed, you can still breed.

Because there are many opportunities for recessive infection in this disease, serological reactions will be positive. Double sera should be taken to check the rise of antibodies and combine clinical symptoms to have diagnostic value. Must be distinguished from brucellosis and pseudorabies.

[Source] Japanese encephalitis  is caused by a natural virus. Humans, animals, and most poultry may be infected with Japanese encephalitis. Pigs are most susceptible to the disease.
[Transmission route] Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne disease. The main transmission vector is Culex. Other mosquitoes, such as Aedes, can also spread the disease.

Pathogens of Japanese Encephalitis. It is spherical, the nucleic acid is single-stranded RNA, the outer layer is enveloped, and the surface of the envelope is hemagglutinin. Under low temperature conditions, it can proliferate from bottom to top for a long time, and can proliferate in animal, chicken embryo and tissue culture cells. Young pigs are the main source of infection and intermediate host for Japanese encephalitis virus, and mosquitoes are the transmission vectors of Japanese encephalitis virus.

Japanese encephalitis virus is spherical with a diameter of 50nm. It has a core consisting of capsid protein (C) and nucleic acid. There is still an inner membrane protein (M) in the capsule, which is involved in the assembly of the virus. The viral genome is a single-stranded positive-stranded RNA with a total length of 11 kb, which sequentially encodes the structural proteins C, M, E, and non-structural proteins NS1-NS5 from the 5 ′ to 3 ′ ends. The viral RNA directly functions as mRNA in the cytoplasm and is translated. Structural and non-structural proteins are assembled and matured in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cytoplasmic rough surface, and are released by budding.

Pigs become infected by mosquito bites, and viremia develops after infection, which lasts for 12 hours to several days. The proliferation pattern of JEV in pigs is not clear, but some data have been obtained from humans, monkeys and mice. After the occurrence of viremia, the virus spreads to numerous vascular tissues such as liver, spleen and muscle, where it further proliferates and strengthens viremia. The virus enters the central nervous system via cerebrospinal fluid, infection of endothelial cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, or blood-borne pathways. In humans and mice, JEVs selectively destroy neurons after infection, mostly in the brainstem, thalamus, basal ganglia, and subcortex.

There is no treatment, and it is best to eliminate it once diagnosed. Dispose of dead fetuses, placenta, secretions, etc.; Exterminate mosquitoes and pay attention to eliminating winter mosquitoes; In pig farms in endemic areas, 1-2 months before mosquitoes begin activities, Sow, use the Japanese encephalitis attenuated vaccine for vaccination, strengthen the immunization once in the second year, and the immunization period can reach 3 years, which has better prevention effect.

Keep the farm environment clean, eliminate mosquitoes, and pay attention to eliminating overwintering mosquitoes. In pig farms in endemic areas, 1-2 months before mosquitoes start their activities, use male-female pigs aged 4 months to 2 years Inflammatory and attenuated vaccines are vaccinated, and the immunization can be strengthened once in the second year. The immunization period can reach 3 years, which has a good preventive effect.

China mainly uses inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus P3 strain vaccine prepared from hamster kidney cell culture. Vaccination is usually performed one month before the virus infection begins. The main targets are children under 10 years of age and susceptible people from non-endemic areas; subcutaneous injections are mainly used 2 times (7 to 10 days apart), and the next year, the injections are strengthened. It is carried out once; the population protection rate can reach 76% to 90% after vaccination. However, due to shortcomings such as the short duration of antibodies induced by dead vaccines and the need for multiple vaccination, the study of live attenuated vaccines has received much attention.

Pigs are infected regardless of breed, age and sex, and piglets and primiparous sows are more susceptible. It seriously affects the growth and development of piglets and the productivity of sows, making the farm face a huge economic threat.
The Japanese Encephalitis Virus Test For Pig (Ab) kit provided by BALLYA can effectively detect whether pigs have Japanese encephalitis. This kit is not only simple to operate, but also has a short test time and high accuracy. Allow the veterinarian to respond accordingly.

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