Feline parvovirus
Feline fever, also known as
feline panleukopenia and feline infectious enteritis, is an acute high-contact infectious disease in cats.
Feline panleukopenia symptoms
Most young cats are acutely ill, their body temperature rises above 40 °C, and they vomit. Many cats show no symptoms, die suddenly, and some may show symptoms of spinal ataxia.
Most cats over 6 months have a subacute clinical condition. First, they have fever to about 40 °C, and then fall to normal temperature after 1-2 days. After 3-4 days, the body temperature rises again, that is, biphasic fever.
Sick cat is insane, anorexia, refractory vomiting, vomit is yellow-green, sticky secretions in mouth and eyes, nose, and thick stools. When diarrhea occurs, it means that the animal is in the late stage of disease, blood in the stool, severe dehydration, Anemia, severe death.
Feline panleukopenia diagnosis
A preliminary diagnosis can be made based on medical history, clinical symptoms and epidemic characteristics, and laboratory tests are still needed to confirm the diagnosis.
The diagnosis is based on the number of white blood cells. At the same time, biochemical indicators and virus tests can be performed. The most common tests for virus tests include stool, intestines, omental lymph nodes, lungs, and anorexia.
Feline panleukopenia incubation period
Feline distemper incubation period is 2-9 days. Clinical symptoms are related to age and viral virulence.
How is feline panleukopenia transmitted
Feline parvovirus is transmitted through direct contact with feces and indirectly after contamination of the environment or objects (for example, in food utensils, beauty equipment, bedding, floors, clothes or hands). Cats infected with FPV can continue to excrete the virus for at least six weeks after infection, and the virus can also be transmitted by dogs.
During viremia for about a week, the feces, urine, and various secretions of sick animals contained the virus. Contaminated food, utensils, and clothing can cause disease transmission, mainly through the mouth, and can also be transmitted through droplets. The detox period of the rehabilitation cat can last from months to a year. In addition to horizontal transmission, vertical transmission to the fetus has been identified in pregnant cats. Since viremia occurs in sick animals for more than 5 days, it is speculated that transmission by blood-sucking insects such as fleas is also possible.
Feline panleukopenia virus
Feline panleukopenia virus life cycle
Feline panleukopenia virus can proliferate in cultures of cat kidney, lung, testis, spleen, heart, diaphragm, adrenal gland, intestine, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, of which the cells of the previous three organs are more commonly used. In addition to cat cells, it can proliferate in tissue cells derived from mink and ferret. As with other viruses of this genus, the virus must be inoculated before the cells form a monolayer in order to achieve the purpose of large-scale virus proliferation.
Parvoviruses are particularly dangerous because they can survive long-term (up to several years) in the environment and are resistant to many disinfectants.
Feline panleukopenia treatment
Treatment can be specific and symptomatic
Specific therapy
Cat feline plague monoclonal antibody is injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously, 2 ml per kilogram of body weight, usually once a day, if it is very serious, it can be beaten 2 times a day, up to 3 times in a row.
Using cat recombinant interferon, 300,000 to 500,000 units per kilogram of body weight.
Symptomatic therapy
Antiemetic: When vomiting occurs, fast and water should be avoided. Metoclopramide injection is 0.15 ~ 0.25 ml per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Anti-inflammatory: 10,000 units of gentamicin per kilogram of body weight or 50,000 to 100,000 units of kanamycin per kilogram of body weight, twice daily, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
Antipyretic: Chaihu injection 0.3 ml per kilogram of body weight, twice a day.
Hemostasis: Vitamin K3 injection 0.3 ml per kilogram of body weight, twice a day, intramuscularly.
Rehydration: When dehydration or vomiting occurs, 5 to 10 ml of 25% glucose, 5 ml of 5% sodium bicarbonate, 30 to 50 ml of compound normal saline, mixed intravenous injection.
Diet: It is recommended to feed a small amount of easily digestible, low-fiber, low-fat foods 3 to 6 times a day. Prescription foods for acute gastroenteritis can also be used. Gradually increase the amount of food over several days to meet the needs of the animal.
Feline panleukopenia prevention
The only effective prevention of cat fever is to produce cat fever antibodies through vaccine injection. If the cat has not been vaccinated, first disinfect all the virus disinfectant in domestic pets for one week, and then keep it in a cage to prevent it from contacting other cats. The owner can’t contact other cats, wait for a week after breeding, go to the pet hospital for vaccination.
Feline panleukopenia vaccine
Efficient vaccines are available and all cats and kittens should be vaccinated (including indoor cats only). The modified live vaccine should not be used in immunosuppressed pregnant queens or cats, in which case an inactivated (killed) vaccine is recommended. Controlling the spread of FPV depends on vaccination and good management practices, including disinfection (use of appropriate disinfectants) and the use of quarantine procedures.
