Nō nā tata nei, i pūrongo te Tari Whakahaere Kai me te Rongoā o te Kāwanatanga (SFDA) mō te tirotiro me te tango tauira o te paura miraka pēpi i te tau 2014. E 48 ngā puranga tauira mai i ētahi umanga miraka o ngā mākete miraka kāore i whai tohu. Koinei te panuitanga nui tuatahi o ngā hua o te tirotiro tauira i muri i te "whakamātautau nui" o te whakarerekētanga o te tohu hou o te paura miraka ā-motu i te tau 2014.
I roto i ngā puranga 11 he nui te mōrearea, e 3 ngā puranga tauira mai i Shanxi Gucheng Dairy Group Co., Ltd. i kitea te aflatoxin M1 i tua atu i te paerewa.
Ko te Aflatoxin , he paitini miko , he matū whakaputa mai i ngā harore ka puta mai i te korenga o te witi e whakamaroketia, e rongoatia rānei i te wā tika, ā, he nui te kitea i roto i te kai. Nā te kaha o tōna paitini me tōna kaha ki te whakaputa mate pukupuku, kua whakatakotoria ngā ture tino pakari ki roto i ngā paerewa kai ā-motu me ngā paerewa whāngai. Nō te mycotoxin te Aflatoxin M1, ā, ko ia te matū whakaputa hydroxylation o te aflatoxin B1 i roto i ngā kararehe. He tino paitini, he kaha ki te whakaputa mate pukupuku. Nā te mea ka taea e ia te whakaputa mate pukupuku ate, i te tau 1993 i whakarārangihia ai hei matū whakaputa mate pukupuku e te WHO Cancer Research Institute.
E toru pea nga take i puta ai te aflatoxin ki nga hua miraka:
1.mahi ngawari mo te kau kau miraka, ka raru nga raruraru miraka mata;
2. horoi miihini miihini i te wa o te mahi whakaputa i te kamupene miraka, ka hua ake i te koriri o nga matū waro;
3. i muri i te mahinga, kaore i te raka nga peeke, whai muri i te rerenga o te hau, ka honoa ki nga mea rauropi i te rangi, ka hua mai i te hua nga Aflatoxins.
Aflatoxins kaore e kohikohi i te tinana mena ka tangohia whakamutua. Tata ki te wiki i muri o te horanga kotahi, ko te nuinga ka tukuna ma te manawa, te mimi, te paru, me era atu.
Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau a ngā whare rangahau mate i Āhia me Āwherika he hononga pai i waenga i ngā aflatoxin i roto i te kai me te mate pukupuku pūtau ate (LCC). Ko te kai roa i ngā kai he iti te kukū o te aflatoxin e kiia ana ko te tino take o te mate pukupuku ate, te mate pukupuku puku, te mate pukupuku whekau, me ētahi atu mate.
Hei taapiri, ko nga aflatoxins me etahi atu momo mate pathogenic (penei i te mate pukupuku hepatitis) kua kaha awhi ki te whakauru i nga mate tangata. Ko te Aflatoxin te tinana kaha o te mate pukupuku e kitea ana i tenei wa. Ko tona mate pukupuku he 900 nga wa teitei ake i te hepatocarcinoma, 75 nga wa neke atu i te dimethylnitrosamine me te 4000 wa teitei ake i te 3,4-benzopyrene. Ko te nuinga ka puta i te mate pukupuku ate i roto i nga kararehe, me te mate pukupuku ano hoki i roto i te kopu, tākihi, kokoti, uma, ovary me te puku iti.
He aha te kino o te aflatoxin M1 ki te tinana o te tangata?
1. He tino paitini.
He aha te aflatoxin M1? I roto i tētahi uiuinga ki ngā kairīpoata, i whakamārama a Ahorangi Fu Liang, te tumuaki tuarua o te Tari Pūtaiao Kai me te Hangarau o Te Whare Wānanga o Jinan, ko te aflatoxin M1 he paitini i hangaia e te aflatoxin, he ngāwari ki te kitea i roto i te maha o ngā kai, pērā i te witi me ngā pata. He paitini tino paitini tēnei matū, ka mate pea mēnā ka nui te kai; ahakoa he iti, he nui rawa te nui mēnā ka roa te kai, ka pā ki te pūnaha ārai mate , ka mate pāwera ki te miraka , ka whakaroa te tipu me te whakaputa mate pukupuku, inā koa te mate pukupuku ate.
E ai ki ngā raraunga, i whakarōpūtia te aflatoxin M1 hei matū whakaputa mate pukupuku e te World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Research Institute i te tau 1993. He matū tino paitini. He kino te aflatoxin ki te kiko ate tangata me te kararehe , ka arahi pea ki te mate pukupuku ate, tae atu ki te mate i ngā wā tino kino.
Mō ngā hua miraka parakore i kitea he nui rawa te aflatoxin M1, i roto i te tātaritanga a Fu Liang , mēnā kei roto i te miraka tēnei matū, tera pea kāore i te tika te rokiroki, ka poke rānei i te wā tukatuka me te kawe, ka pirau; ko tētahi atu pea he nui rawa te aflatoxin M1 e kainga ana e ngā kau miraka, ka whakawhitia ki te miraka i te wā e whakaputa ana i te miraka. Ka whakahoromatatia te miraka parakore i te pāmahana teitei i roto i te tukanga whakaputa, he aha e kore ai e taea te patu i te aflatoxin M1? I tēnei whakaaro, i tohu a Fu Liang kāore e taea te patu i te aflatoxin M1 i raro i te whakahoromata whānui, he ātete ki te wera.
2. He nui te kino o te ate me te mate pukupuku hepatocellular
Kei te maarama na te mea he pumau tonu te aflatoxin M1, kaore e taea e te pasteurization te patu, na reira ko te kitenga o te aflatoxin M1 kaore i te whangai i nga rauemi mata engari me tohu te hua whakamutunga.
Ko te Aflatoxin te nuinga ka whara i te ate, i tua atu i tona mate pukupuku me te mutagenicity, kua whakahekehia te aukati. He maha nga korero epidemiological e whakaatu ana ko nga tuuroro hepatitis B me nga kaikawe huaketo hepatitis B ka mate pea i te mate pukupuku hepatocellular i raro i te wharewhare aflatoxin i te hunga hauora - a ko Haina te rohe kaha o te mate kakati B.
3. Ko te mea whakamataku ko te aflatoxin he ngawari ki te whakaputa me te uaua ki te whakakore.
Ka whakaputahia te aflatoxin M1, he uaua ki te whakakore, na te mea he pumau tonu ki te rama, te wera, me te waikawa, a kei te rewa te reira (te mahana o te pyrolysis) ko 299 C. E toru nga tikanga noa mo te whakamate o te miraka kaore i te kaha.
Hei mārama ki te uaua o te whakakore i te aflatoxin, kua whakahaerehia e ētahi kairangahau o tāwāhi ngā whakamātautau: me te kore e whakarerekē i te kounga o te miraka, i te tuatahi ka whakamahanahia te miraka hou mai i te kau ki te 90 mō te 10 meneti, kātahi ka whakamatao ki te 20, kātahi ka whakamātaohia ki te hihi ultraviolet mō te 30 meneti, ā, i te mutunga ka whakaitihia te aflatoxin M1 mā te 56.2%... He maha anō ngā tikanga ā-tinana, matū me te koiora hei tango i ngā aflatoxin, engari whakaarohia te reka o te miraka me te hauwai waikura... Ka kitea ahakoa ka kohuatia te miraka e ngā kaihoko noa, kāore he pānga nui o te whakakorenga o te aflatoxin.
