Nō roto te waikawa Clavulanic i te aukati beta lactamase whakataetae kore e taea te whakakore, ka taea te whakakore i te whākōkī i muri i te herea pakari ki te whākōkī, nō reira he pānga kaha ehara i te mea ki te beta lactamase o Staphylococcus aureus anake, engari ki te beta lactamase o te bacilli gram kino hoki. Mā te whakakotahitanga o ngā penicillin me ngā cephalosporin ka tino whakapai ake i te mahi patu huakita, ā, ka taea te whakaiti nui i te kukū aukati iti rawa (MIC).
Ka taea e te rongoā te whakanui ake i te pānga i ngā wā maha ki te tekau ngā wā, kia taea ai e ngā momo ātete-rongoā te whakahoki mai i tō rātou aro. Ko te waikawa Clavulanic he paturopi beta lactam hou kei roto te hāora i hangaia e Streptomyces. Ko te pāhare pāporo Clavulanate he tioata rite ki te ngira, ā, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai.
Ko te beta lactamase i hangaia e ngā huakita e whakawhaiti ana, e whakakore ana hoki i ētahi paturopi β-lactam te tikanga matua o te ātete ki ngā rongoā huakita. Ko te Methoxypenicillin te penicillin ātete-whāwhā tuatahi . I muri mai, he maha ngā penicillin ātete-whāwhā i puta mai, pērā i te oxacillin, te cloxacillin me te dicloxacillin. Ko te penicillin ātete-whāwhā he aukati beta lactamase whakataetae ka taea te hoki whakamuri. Ina whakakorea te aukati rongoā, ka taea te whakahoki mai i te mahi whākōkī, nō reira he ngoikore te mahi aukati o te penicillinase, ka nui te raruraru ki te tono haumanu.
He hua ārai beta lactamase whānui tēnei, he ngoikore noa iho te kaha patu huakita, engari he kaha te pānga ārai ki ngā momo beta lactamases. Ā, ka taea te whakakotahi pūmau me te nuinga o ngā beta lactamases hei whakaputa i ngā hononga kore e taea te huri, hei tiaki i ngā penicillin , i ngā cephalosporin rānei kāore e ātete ki ngā whākōkī mai i te kino o ngā whākōkī, hei whakarei ake i te kaha patu huakita me te whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga patu huakita. Mēnā ka honoa ki ngā penicillin me ngā cephalosporin, ka taea te whakaiti nui i te horopeta o te clavulanic.
He tioata rite ki te ngira te pāhare pākawa clavulanate , ā, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai.
He paturopi whānui te waikawa Clavulanic , engari he ngoikore rawa tōna kaha patu huakita. Ko tōna kukū aukati he 30～60μg/m1 mō ngā huakita Gram-kino me ngā huakita pai. Kāore e whai hua ki a Pseudomonas aeruginosa me Enterococcus. Ko tōna MIC mō Neisseria gonorrhoeae he 5μg/m1. Ko te MIC o ngā huakita Gram-pai pērā i a Streptococcus he 12-15μg/ml, ko te MIC o Bacteroides fragilis he 13.1μg/ml, ā, ko te MIC mō te nuinga o ngā huakita ko 30-125μg/ml.
He aukati whānui te waikawa Clavulanic . He whai hua ki te beta lactamase i hangaia e ngā huakita karamu-pai (pērā i a Staphylococcus aureus) me te momo beta lactamase momo I, II, IV me te momo V i hangaia e ngā huakita karamu-kino, engari he ngoikore te pānga aukati ki te momo I cephalosporinase.
Ka taea e te waikawa clavulanic te whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga o ngā paturopi huakita kāore e manawanui ki te beta lactamase , pērā i te penicillin g , te ampicillin , te amoxicillin , te cephalosporin II rānei (cephalothin), te whakanui ake i te mahi huakita, me te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o ngā huakita β-Endophthalaminase, pērā i te Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pneumoniae bacillus, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Influenza bacillus me Fragile bacillus, me ētahi atu. Heoi, kāore he pānga tahi ki ngā huakita amoxicillin, ki ngā huakita rānei e aro ana ki te ceftizidine i te wā e honoa ana ki te waikawa clavulanic.
E ai ki ngā raraunga hauora o BRL 25000 he pānga pai tō te horomitanga ā-waha ki ngā mate pūkahukahu me ngā mate manawa i puta mai i te Escherichia coli , ngā momo Proteus, ngā bacilli mumura, ngā bacilli rewharewha, me te pneumococcus.
Kāore e whai hua te waikawa clavulanic anake. Ka whakakorengia te whākōkī mā te whakakotahitanga pūmau ki te beta lactamase hei tiaki i ngā paturopi penicillin , cephalosporin rānei kāore e ātete ki te whākōkī kei whakangaromia, kia taea ai e rātou te tomo ki te pae hohe me te whakaatu i ō rātou pānga patu huakita, ka hinga i te ātete huakita hei whakapai ake i te pānga whakaora.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mea noa te whakakotahitanga o te waikawa clavulanic me te amoxicillin i roto i te rongoā, ā, ko te amoxicillin me te clavulanate potassium tētahi o ngā rongoā matua.
He pai te Amoxicillin me te clavulanate potassium mō ngā mate urutā o raro o te ara manawa, te otitis media, te sinusitis i puta mai i te Haemophilus influenzae me te Moraxella catarrhalis e whakaputa ana i te beta lactamase ; ngā mate urutā o te ara mimi me te kiri me ngā kiko ngohengohe i puta mai i te Staphylococcus aureus e whakaputa ana i te beta lactamase me ngā huakita whekau e whakaputa ana i te whākōkī pērā i te Escherichia coli me te Klebsiella; ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā mate ngawari ki te mate pāwera i puta mai i te enterococci. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i tēnei hua mō ngā mate urutā kua whakahuatia ake nei i puta mai i ngā momo huakita kāore e whakaputa ana i te whākōkī o ngā huakita kua whakahuatia ake nei. He mā, he mā rānei tēnei hua, he kakara reka. He ranunga tēnei hua, ā, ko ōna wāhanga ko te amoxicillin me te clavulanate potassium.
He pai tenei hua mo nga momo mate e pa ana ki nga huakita tairongo, penei i te:
He matū tēnei hua, he mea hanga mai i te amoxicillin me te Clavulanate potassium i te ōwehenga 7:1. He rite tonu ngā pānga ārai-mate huakita o te Amoxicillin me te ampicillin. Ko te nuinga o tana mahi i te wāhanga whakaputa uri o ngā huakita mā te aukati i te piri o ngā peptide pakitara pūtau.
He rite te hanganga beta lactam o te pāhare pākawa clavulanate ki te penicillin. Ka taea e ia te whakakore i te nuinga o ngā whākōkī i hangaia e ngā huakita mā te aukati i te pae hohe o te beta lactamase, inā koa mō ngā beta lactamases nui haumanu me ngā beta lactamases i whakahaerehia e te plasmid (ko ēnei whākōkī e hono ana ki ngā huringa o te ātete ki te penicillin me te cephalosporin ) he pai ake te mahi.
Ko nga hua o nga whakamatautau in vitro me te whakamahinga haumanu kua whakaatuhia he whaihua tenei waahanga ki te nuinga o nga rauropi e whai ake nei; Nga microorganism aerobic Gram-pai: Staphylococcus aureus (beta-lactamase-whakaputa me te kore-beta-lactamase-whakaputa i nga taumahatanga) Cillin / oxacillin staphylococci ātete hoki e aukati ana ki tenei hua.
Ko tenei hua e tika ana mo nga mate manawa rewharewha o raro, otitis media, sinusitis na te haurangi-whakaputa Haemophilus influenzae me Moraxella catarrhalis; te whakaputa whākōkī Staphylococcus aureus me te hanga whākōkī Enterobacteriaceae pēnei i Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Respiratory tract, urinary tract me te kiri me te kiri ngohengohe mate; a ka taea hoki te whakamahi mo nga mate ngawari ki te ngawari e pa ana ki te enterococci. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i tenei hua mo nga mate kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei na te huakita-kore-whakaputa huaiao.
Ka pangia e nga tuuroro nga mate urupare i muri i te tango amoxicillin. Ko nga mate urupare o te urticaria me te kiri o te kiri he urupare kino noa ki nga tuuroro e pangia e te amoxicillin. Ko nga tuuroro e tu ahua kino ana tera pea ka pangia e te kirikaa, te mangu o te kiri, te mamae me te dermatitis exfoliative, te werawera nui, nga haurangi me etahi atu tohu. I kitea e nga rangahau ko nga tauhohenga mate pāwera na te amoxicillin i puta i roto i te 3-30 meneti i muri o te tango i te tarukino, me nga ahuatanga o te tere tere me te tere haere o te mate.
Ka taea e te Amoxicillin te uru ki roto i ngā pūtau whatukuhu hei mahi i tētahi mahi, nō reira ka taea e ia te kino i ngā pūtau whatukuhu o te tūroro, ka whakararu i te mahi a tana whatukuhu. I te pakeketanga, ka heke haere te mahi a te whatukuhu o te hunga pakeke me te hunga kaumātua. Mēnā ka nui rawa te amoxicillin e whakamahia ana e aua tūroro mō te maimoatanga, ka taea e ia te whakanui ake i te taumahatanga ki runga i ō rātou whatukuhu, te whakaroa i te putanga o ngā rongoā mai i te tinana, me te hanga tioata totoka i roto i ō rātou mimi, ka taea e ēnei te aukati i ō rātou urethra ka pakaru me te toto, ka puta ai ngā tohu pēnei i te toto i roto i te mimi me te mate pukupuku whatukuhu.
He iti noa te paitini o te waikawa clavulanic , ā, he iti noa ngā pānga taha i roto i te whakamahinga haumanu. Kaua e whakamahia e te hunga mate pāwera ki te penicillin.
Kāore te waikawa clavulanic i te tino whai hua, engari nā ōna āhuatanga ahurei, ka taea te whakakotahi me ētahi atu rongoā kia puta he pānga pai. He tauira angitu te Amoxicillin me te clavulanate potassium , ka taea te whakamahi hei rongoā i ngā momo mate pāwera.
Ka whakarato a BALLYA i tētahi whakamātautau betalactam hei whakaatu ki a koe mēnā he toenga betalactam kei roto i ngā hua miraka e kainga ana e koe i ia rā.
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