He penicillin ā-waha, he penicillin werohanga hoki te Nafcillin , he mea hanga-haurua mō te 6-aminopenicillin. He paura mā, he paura kōwhai mā rānei, he paku kakara, he ngāwari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai, te chloroform me te etanoru. He pumau ki te waikawa me te penicillinase. I roto i te rongoā, e whakamahia ana mō ngā mate Staphylococcus ātete-penicillin me ētahi atu mate huakita e tairongo ana ki te penicillin.
He tata tonu tōna kaha ki te Staphylococcus aureus ātete-rongoa ki te oxacillin , engari he kaha ake i te methicillin. He tino whai hua ki te streptococcus hemolytic me te pneumococcus. Kāore i tino mimiti te waha, he iti te kukū toto, ā, he iti hoki te putanga mimi. He teitei ake te kukū toto o te werohanga ā-roto i te werohanga ā-waha, engari he iti tonu. He teitei ake te kukū o te rongoā tuku iho Hainamana i roto i te au o te toto, ā, 90% ka tukuna mā te au o te au. He teitei te tere here o te pūmua plasma (tata ki te 87%).
He maha nga momo inenga me nga whakaritenga o te nafcillin. Ko nga whakaritenga a nga kaihanga rereke ka rereke nga paanga o te raau taero me nga tauhohenga kino na te mea rereke nga mahi hanga. Tena koa tirohia to taakuta mo nga whiringa motuhake.
He ātete tēnei momo ki te waikawa, ā, he ātete hoki ki te whākōkī, he penicillin haurua-hangai . He pumau ki te waikawa, ā, ka taea te tango ā-waha, ā-parenteral rānei. He pumau ki te penicillinase. He ātete te Nafcillin ki te staphylococcus e whakaputa ana i te penicillinase, he ātete rānei ki te Penicillin nā ētahi atu take. He pānga motuhake tōna ki te streptococcus hemolytic, te viridis streptococcus, ā, he pānga antibacterial me te bactericidal nui anō hoki ki te hemolytic cocci, te viridis streptococcus me te pneumococcus me ētahi atu huakita gram-pai.
Ko nga kohinga iti o te nafcillin mo te Staphylococcus aureus e aro nui ana ki te penicillin ko te 0.4 me te 0.48ug / ml. Ko nga kohinga aukati iti mo te pneumococcus, streptococcus viridis, meningococcus, me te gonococcus ko te 0.02, 0.4, 0.8 me 3.1ug / ml.
Whai muri i te weronga intramuscular o te 0.5 go te nafcillin, ka eke te kukupa serum ki te 7.93ug / ml i muri i te haurua haora. I muri i te tango 1g o te nafcillin mo te hunga noa, ka tae te toto ki te tihi i roto i te 1 haora, tata ki te 14.34ug / ml. Ka taea e te probenecid-waha te takirua i te toto. Ko te haurua haurua o te waatea o te nafcillin he neke atu i te 1.5 haora.
Ka tohaina te Nafcillin, ana ko te kukume rongoa whaihua e noho ana ki te kaherere, ki te whatukuhu, ki te puhukahu, ki te ngakau, ki te ngutu me te ate; ko te kukume teitei rawa kei roto i te puku iti, ate, me nga whatukuhu;
I muri i te weronga intramuscular o te 1.5g o te nafcillin, i roto i te wai synovial o te hononga turi mumura, ka taea te whakapiki i te rongoa rongoa i roto i te reo; ko te kukume nui e mau tonu ana i te pehanga. I roto i te 4 haora i muri o te weronga tototo, 93% o te horopeta ka puta i te ngongo. He pai te reabsorption a te Nafcillin ki roto i te puku.
Ko te Nafcillin te mea nui e puta ana i te ngongo me te mimi. Whai muri i nga haora e 6 o te weronga intramuscular me te whakahaere waha o Nafcillin, 14% me te 7% o te horopeta i tukuna ki te mimi, 18-19% i tukuna ki te mimi i te toru o nga ra, me te mimi i te waru o nga ra 21% me 19.4% o te tapeke moni i whakaputaina i roto i nga paitini; ahakoa te werohanga a-waha, a-roto ranei, i roto i nga haora 12, ka tukuna te 10% o te horopeta ki roto i nga paru.
I te waru o nga ra, ko te tapeke moni kua oti te whakaputa i roto i nga paru tae atu ki te 50%, ko te whakaheke i te mimi me te whakapau ngongo mo te wa roa pea nga take nui e mau tonu ai te nafcillin i te kukume kitakita. Ko te Nafcillin he nui te tere o te here o te pūmua serum, engari he iti nei te awe ki tona awangawanga.
Ko te waikawa-aukati me te aukati-aukati i te penicillin haurua-waihanga. He pumau ki te waikawa, ka taea te whakahaere ma te waha, ma te matua ranei. He pumau hoki ki te penicillinase. Ko te Nafcillin he tino painga ki a Staphylococcus e aukati ana ki te penicillin g, te hemolytic streptococcus me te viridis streptococcus. He nui nga paanga o te patu tangata me te patu kitakita i runga i nga kitakita Gram-pai penei i te hemolytic streptococcus, viridis streptococcus me te pneumococcus.
He pai te Nafcillin mo te mate penicillin-resist Staphylococcus me etahi atu mate kitakita-penicillin, penei i te: sepsis, bacteremia, endocarditis, empyema, ate ate , erysipelas, mate urinary tract, bronchitis, Tetanus, gas gangrene, anthrax, diphtheria, gonorrhea, gonococcal rumati me te ophthalmia.
He penicillin hanga-haurua te Nafcillin, ā, he ātete ki te beta lactamase me te waikawa. He pumau ki te penicillinase, ā, he pānga patu huakita me te patu huakita. He pai mō te rongoā i ngā mate staphylococcal e ātete ana ki te penicillin me ētahi atu mate huakita e pāngia ana e te penicillin, pērā i te sepsis, te endocarditis, te empyema, te whēwhe ate, te niumōnia, te osteomyelitis, me ētahi atu. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia hei whiringa pai me te reiti whai hua neke atu i te 85% mō te rongoā i ngā mate Staphylococcus aureus ātete-rongoa.
I ngā tau tata nei, ko ngā mate pāwera i roto i te whare hauora i puta mai i te Staphylococcus aureus ātete-maha-rongoā, ehara i te mea he raruraru uaua noa iho e pā ana ki ngā tākuta, engari he tūmomo mōrearea nui hoki ki te hauora o ngā tāngata katoa. Ko te Vancomycin , i mōhiotia i mua ko te "raina mutunga" o te ārai-mate haumanu, he maimoatanga haumanu pai tonu mō ngā mate karamu-pai. Heoi, kua wehea te Staphylococcus aureus ātete-vancomycin i roto i te maha o ngā whenua, he mea nui tēnei mō te whakawhanaketanga o ngā maimoatanga ārai-mate hou, nō reira i tonoa he tono tika·
I te tīmatanga, i neke atu i te 90% te aro o te Staphylococcus aureus ki te penicillin, nō reira he pai te mahi haumanu a te nuinga o ngā paturopi i roto i te rongoā i ngā mate i puta mai i te Staphylococcus aureus. Heoi, nā te whakamahinga whānui o ngā paturopi, i puta mai anō hoki te Staphylococcus aureus ātete-penicillin, ā, i kitea anō hoki ētahi atu Staphylococcus aureus ātete-paturopi, pērā i te tetracycline , te erythromycin , me ētahi atu. Nō reira, mō te wā roa, kāore i tutuki i te rongoā mō ngā mate Staphylococcus aureus ātete ngā hua e tumanakohia ana. Ko ngā whakarerekētanga ātete rongoā moroiti he hua o ngā huringa hanganga i roto i tētahi wāhi motuhake o ngā ngota DNA, ā, kāore he pānga ki te noho o ngā rongoā. Ko te noho o tētahi rongoā he huarahi noa iho ki te wehe i tētahi momo ātete-rongoa.
Ko te Syphilis he mate whakapiri pumau na Treponema pallidum, he mate whakapeto ngoi. I te wahanga tuatahi, he mate poka noa tenei, ka taea te whakaeke i nga okana katoa me nga kiko i te waa e whanaketia ana ka puta nga momo tohu. I etahi wa ka taea te noho mo nga tau maha, ki te wa roa ranei kaore he whakaaturanga, a he puhoi te haere o te mate.
Ko te nuinga o te wā ka horapa te mate ki ētahi atu mā te whanonga ā-ira tangata, ā, ka taea hoki te horapa ki te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei mā te whenua whānau. Nā te maha o ngā āhuatanga o te syphilis, ko te nuinga o ēnei ka uaua ake i ngā mate kitakita. Nō reira me whiriwhiri ngā paturopi e rongoā ana i ngā mea e rua. I tēnei wā, kua whakamātauhia ko te nafcillin sodium , he whānui te whānuitanga, he haumaru, he ātete ki te whākōkī, he ātete ki te waikawa hoki, he pānga motuhake ki te syphilis.
Ma te whakahaere a-waha e puta ai nga tauhohenga puku: whakapairuaki, ruaki, ngaro o te hiahia, whakapiki kopu, korere. Ko te hunga he mate mate penicillin kaua e whakamahia. Ko etahi keehi he leukopenia, he kiri, he kirika, he mamae mamae, me nga whakapapa. Ko te nui o te horopeta tera pea ka puta nga tauhohenga neurological, penei i te whakama, te awangawanga, me te awhi. Ka taea e nga tamariki te reka o nga iwi ke ki te waha (penei i te reka o te konganuku). Ka puta pea te kiri kiri me te kiko o te rohe i muri o te weronga werowero. Ka raru pea te whatukuhu, te nephritis interstitial tuarua, ka mate te ate.
Ko te Nafcillin he rongoa rongoa a me tohu e te taakuta i runga i to ahua. Ma te whakahaere-a-tangata e kaha ake te raru: te ururua o nga rawa tarukino, whakaroa i te mate, whanake i te aukati, me nga tauhohenga kino kino o te tarukino.
E ai ki ngā paerewa i whakaputaina e te US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), kei te taumata B te nafcillin i te wā e hapū ana: kāore i whakaatuhia he mōrearea ki te tamaiti i roto i ngā rangahau mō te whakaputa uri kararehe, engari kāore anō kia mahia he rangahau tika me ngā rōpū mana whakahaere i roto i ngā wāhine hapū.
He pānga motuhake tō te Nafcillin , he penicillin hanga-haurua, ki te Staphylococcus e ātete ana ki te Penicillium g. He tata te kaha ārai-ātete o te Staphylococcus aureus ki te oxacillin.
Nō roto i ngā beta lactams te nafcillin . Ka whakaratohia e BALLYA he whakamātautau betalactam hei whakaatu ki a koe mēnā he toenga beta lactams kei roto i ngā hua miraka e kainga ana e koe i ia rā.
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