He paura mā, he paura kōwhai paku rānei te Spiramycin, he kakara paku; he āhua waikura. Ka wairewa te Spiramycine i roto i te methanol, te etanoru, te acetone me te ether, tata kore e wairewa i roto i te wai, ā, kāore e wairewa i roto i te petroleum ether. He paturopi macrolide i tangohia mai i te reo whakatipu o Streptomyces ambofaciens. Ko te Spiramycin te acetate o te acetylspiramycin. I muri i te horomia, ka tangohia te rōpū acetyl hei whakaatu i te pānga kaha ki te patu huakita. He kaihoko bacteriostatic kaha te Spiramycin, ā, he pānga patu huakita anake i ngā kukū tino tiketike.
He kaha te pānga patu huakita a te Spiramycine me te pānga patu huakita i muri i te rongoā (PAE) i roto i te tinana, ka taea te whakanui ake i te phagocytosis o ngā phagocytes, ā, he whānui te horapa i roto i te tinana. He nui ake te kukū o te Spiramycine i roto i ngā pūtau kiko i te erythromycin , ā, he iti ake ngā pānga taha i te erythromycin. Ka taea te whakamahi i te Spiramycine hei rongoā i ngā mate taringa, ihu, korokoro me te manawa i puta mai i ngā huakita karamu-pai me ētahi huakita karamu-kino. He pai mō te rongoā i te otitis media, te periodontitis, te sinusitis acute me ētahi atu mate waha me te taringa ihu korokoro i puta mai i ngā huakita tairongo. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei rongoā i te toxoplasmosis.
Spiramycin (SPM) he paturopi macrolide macrolide tekau ma ono-tangata. Ko tona takenga mai o te acetylated, acetylspiramycin, he ahuatanga o te kukume o te kiko tiketike, te paitini iti, me te kaha o te vivo roa. He pai mo te mastitis whakapau, ngongo mumura lymph me te periodontitis. I whakamahia e Omura nga whakamatautau isotop hei whakaatu i te mowhiti lactone o te SPM e 5 ngota o te waikawa acetic, 1 te ngota ngota waikawa propionic, he 1 ngota ngota waikawa butyric me te 1 ngota ngongo e mohiotia ana (e rua nga waro).
Ko te koiora o te mowhiti lactone ka tiimata mai i te ngota ngota o te propionyl-CoA, ka whai ake nga ngota o 2-methylmalonyl-CoA. Ko nga wahanga e toru-waro kaore i te mahi noa i te koiora o te SPM, engari ko te whakauru i te propionyl-CoA carboxylase. Ko nga mycaminoses e toru i roto i te ngota ngota i ahu mai i te ngota ngota kūhuka katoa, ko nga roopu N-methyl me C-methyl kei runga i te mycaminos i ahu mai i te methionine, a ko te putake o nga ngota hauota kei te roopu N-methyl kaore ano kia tino whakamaramatia.
Ko te Rovamycine he paturopi macrolide i tangohia mai i te pūtake ahurea o Streptomyces ambofaciens. Ko te Spiramycin te acetate o te acetylspiramycin. I muri i te horomia, ka tangohia te rōpū acetyl hei whakaatu i te pānga kaha o te patu huakita. He kaihoko bacteriostatic kaha te Rovamycine , ā, he pānga patu huakita anake i ngā kukū tino tiketike. Ko tana tikanga mahi patu huakita he rite ki te erythromycin. Mā te whakakotahi ki te wae 50S o te tinana ribonucleoprotein huakita, ka ārai i te toronga o te mekameka peptide me te pā ki te hanganga o te pūmua huakita hei whakatutuki i te pānga patu huakita.
Ko te hihinga antibacterial o te spiramycin he rite ki te erythromycin, ana ko tana awangawanga uaua kaore i te kaha ki te erythromycin, ana ko te koiora-a-waha he iti ano i te erythromycin. Heoi, he maha nga erythromycin-ātete Staphylococcus aureus e aro nui ana ki te spiramycin. Hei taapiri, ko te spiramycin he pai ake te painga o muri-paturopi i te erythromycin.
I whakaatuhia e ngā huakita he ātete whakawhiti-wāhanga ki te spiramycin me te erythromycin. He kaha te mahi patu huakita a te Spiramycine ki te Staphylococcus aureus, te streptococcus hemolytic, te pneumococcus, te diphtheria, te Bacillus anthracis me te Clostridium; hei tāpiri, he kaha te mahi patu huakita a te spiramycine ki te Listeria me te Catabranham Bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Campylobacter fetus, Bacillus influenzae, Bacillus pertussis, Bacteroides, Perfringens, Propionibacterium acnes, Peptococcus me te Peptostreptococcus, tae atu ki te Mycoplasma, Chlamydia , Treponema pallidum, Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium me ētahi atu.
Ko te spiramycin acetylspirillum-a-waha kaore i te pangia e te waikawa parani, tata ki te 40% te ngongo. Ko te spiramycin oral 100mg, 200mg, kua eke ki te toto teitei i te 2h, ko te 0.8mg / L, 1mg / L. Ka tohaina te rongoa i muri o te ngongo. Ko te kukume o te mimi, pana, te huna o te bronchial me te kiko o te pūkahukahu he teitei ake i te toto, ana ka heke te toto ki te iti, he nui tonu te tarukino kei roto i te kiko.
Ko te kukume o te tarukino i roto i te tinana he nui i roto i te pūkahukahu, ate, me te ate (ko te kukume o te ngongo ka tae ki te 7-10 wa te kukume o te serum). Ka uru te Spiramycin ki roto ki nga macrophages, tae atu ki te aukati placental me te aukati o te toto-cerebrospinal. Ko te kukume o te waipiro cerebrospinal ki te meningitis e 65% o te whakaheke toto. I muri i te ngongo o te tarukino, ka pania tuatahihia ki te ate ki te acetylspiramycin. Ko te haurua o te koiora o te spiramycin he roa atu i te erythromycin me te acetylspiramycin, ka kohia i roto i te tinana i muri i te whakahaere tonutanga.
He rite tonu te whānuitanga o ngā huakita o te spiramycine ki ētahi atu paturopi macrolide . Nā te puhoi o te whakaputanga me te kaha o te hononga ki ngā kiko, he pai ake te whai huatanga o te huakita i roto i te tinana i ngā paturopi rite, inā koa mō te pneumococcus me te streptococcus.
I tetahi atu, na te puhoi o te whakaheke, te kararehe me te heihei mo te kai a te tangata, me roa ake te tangohanga o te tarukino i mua i te patunga.
He paturopi macrolide te Spiramycine. He rite tōna whānuitanga patu huakita ki te erythromycin. He pānga nui tōna ki ngā huakita Gram-pai me ētahi huakita Gram-kino, rickettsiae me ngā huaketo nui, pērā i te streptococcus, meningococcus, Bacillus pertussis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Bacillus diphtheria, Chlamydia trachomatis, Leptospira me Clostridium me ētahi atu. He kaha te pānga o te Spiramycine ki ngā huakita e ātete ana ki te penicillin , streptomycin , tetracycline me te chloramphenicol . I roto i te haumanu, ka whakamahia whānuitia mō ngā mate i puta mai i ngā huakita tairongo, pērā i te mate manawa o runga, te mate mimi, te meningitis, te mastitis, te osteomyelitis, te kirika whero, te otitis media, ngā mate waha me te sinusitis.
He kaha te pānga patu huakita a Spiramycine, ā, he pānga patu huakita anō hoki i muri i te mate (PAE) i roto i te tinana ora, ka taea ai te whakarei ake i te phagocytosis o ngā phagocytes. He paturopi te Acetylspiramycin me te pānga patu huakita kei roto he mowhiti macrolide 16-mema, ā, he pai tōna pānga, kāore he pānga kino nui, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia hei whiringa tuatahi mō ngā mate pēnei i te huakita aerobic gram-positive me te cocci anaerobic, me te whakakapi hoki mō te hunga e mate pāwera ana ki ngā paturopi beta lactam.
A. Whakamarama
Ko te Acetylspiramycin te acetate o te spiramycin. I muri i te whakahaere-a-waha, ka tangohia te roopu acetyl hei whakaatu i te kaha o te pungarehu. Ko te Acetylspiramycin he kaitohutohu bacteriostatic pakari, ana ko te paanga kitakita noa kei te tino kaha.
Ko tana mahinga mahi patu huakita he rite ki te erythromycin. Na te whakakotahi me te waahanga 50S o te tinana ribonucleoprotein kitakita, ka aukati i te toronga o te mekameka peptide ka pa ki te whakahiatotanga o te pūmua kitakita kia tutuki ai te painga o te ngota. Ko te ngoikoretanga o te acetylspiramycin he rite ki te spiramycin, engari he ngoikore te ngoikoretanga o te raukikini i tera o te spiramycin. Ko te hihinga antibacterial o te acetylspiramycin he rite ki te erythromycin, ana ko tana awangawanga uaua kaore i te kaha ki te erythromycin, ana ko te koiora-a-waha he iti ano i te erythromycin. Heoi, he maha nga erythromycin-ātete Staphylococcus aureus e aro nui ana ki te acetylspiramycin.
Hei taapiri, ko te acetylspiramycin he pai ake te painga o muri-paturopi i te erythromycin. I whakaatuhia e te huakita te whakahee-aukati i te acetylspiramycin me te erythromycin. He kaha te mahi a te Acetylspiramycin ki te Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Pneumococcus, Diphtheria, Bacillus antracis me Clostridium; Hei taapiri, he kaha te mahi a te Acetylspiramycin ki te Listeria me te Catab, Lanhamella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Campylobacter fetus, Bacillus influenzae, Bacillus pertussis, Bacteroides, Perfringens, Propionibacterium acnes, Peptococcus me Peptostreptococcus, me te myma myc ngarara.
Ka taea e nga papa Acetylspiramycin te aukati i te Streptococcus pneumoniae, te Streptococcus pyogenes, te Enterobacter faecalis, me era atu, engari he kino ano nga paanga, penei i te mamae o te puku te mamae ranei, te ruaki, te whakapairuaki, me era atu, e kitea ana ka whakamahia ana nga horopeta nui. Heoi, kaore e nui te awe o enei tohu, mena ka mutu te tango i te tarukino, ka ngaro enei tohu. Hei taapiri, kei te whakamahara ahau ki a koe ko te acetylspiramycin ka puta i roto i te punaha hepatobiliary, no reira kaore e taunakihia kia tuukinotia e nga tuuroro he ngoikore te mate pukupuku me te ngoikoretanga o te whatukuhu.
B. Tohu
He pai mo te tonsillitis, Bronchitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, otitis media, kiri me nga ngoikore o te kiri i pangia e nga huakita ngawari penei i te Staphylococcus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Meningococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Diphtheria, Mycoplasma, Treponemaastonia, etc. kirika ngangana, mate niho me te karu, etc.
Haumanu, e whakamahia ana te nuinga mō ngā mate i puta mai i te Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Pneumoniae Bacillus, Escherichia coli , Neisseria gonorrhoeae, pērā i te niumōnia, te bronchitis, te whēwhe pūkahukahu, te kirika whero, te osteomyelitis, te urethritis, te mastitis, te stye me te lacrimal sac Yan me ētahi atu.
C. Nga urupare kino
Ko nga tino morearea o te papa acetylspiramycin ko nga tohu haumanu penei i te mamae o te puku, whakapairuaki, ruaki, ngaro o te hiahia, me nga hupahu tarukino penei i te ruaki o te rohe, o te punaha ranei, engari te tikanga kaore enei e hiahiatia he rongoa motuhake ka taea te whakaora ake i muri i a Tuhinga o mua.
Heoi, ki te puta he urupare mate kino, penei i te poto o te manawa, te heke o te toto, me era atu, he mea nui kia haere wawe atu ki te taote. Hei taapiri, ko nga tuuroro e mate kino ana te ate me te whatukuhu kia kaua e whakamahi i te tarukino, na te mea ka kaha te mate o te ate me te whatukuhu.
Kāore e whakaaetia kia whakamahia ki ngā tūroro e mate pāwera ana ki te spiramycine, te erythromycin me ētahi atu macrolides . Ka taea e te spiramycin te uru ki roto i te whenua whānau, nō reira me tino paunatia ngā painga me ngā huakore kia whakatau ai mēnā me whakamahi mō ngā wāhine hapu.
Kāore he raraunga hei whakaatu mēnā ka puta te spiramycin i roto i te waiū ū, engari he maha ngā rongoā macrolide ka taea te puta i roto i te waiū ū. Nō reira, me tūpato te whakamahi a ngā wāhine e whāngai ana i te u i tēnei hua, ā, me whakamutu te whāngai u mēnā e tika ana. Kāore anō kia whakatauhia te whai huatanga me te haumaru o ngā tūroro tamariki i roto i ngā marama e ono.
Nō roto te Spiramycine i ngā paturopi macrolide. He rite tonu te tikanga patu huakita o te Spiramycine me te erythromycin, ā, he rite tonu te whānuitanga patu huakita. Ā, he iti ake te kaha patu huakita o te spiramycin i te erythromycin. Heoi, he maha ngā huakita e ātete ana ki te erythromycin e tairongo ana ki te spiramycine, nō reira ka taea e te spiramycine me te erythromycin te tautoko tetahi i tetahi.
Ka whakarato a BALLYA i tētahi whakamātautau ballya-spiramycin hei whakaatu ki a koe mēnā he toenga spiramycin kei roto i ngā kai me te whāngai kararehe.
Tohutoro