Tsis ntev los no, Lub Xeev Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (SFDA) tau tshaj tawm txog kev saib xyuas thiab piv txwv ntawm menyuam mos mis mis hmoov xyoo 2014. 48 pawg ntawm cov qauv los ntawm ntau lub chaw muag mis nyuj ntawm cov khw muag mis nyuj tsis tsim nyog. Nov yog thawj qhov kev tshaj tawm loj ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam tom qab "kev xeem loj" ntawm kev hloov pauv qhov kev tsim nyog tshiab ntawm mis nyuj hmoov hauv tebchaws tau ua tiav hauv 2014.
Ntawm 11 pawg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab, 3 pawg ntawm cov qauv los ntawm Shanxi Gucheng Dairy Group Co., Ltd. tau kuaj pom aflatoxin M1 cov tshaj tus txheej txheem.
Aflatoxin, raws li ib tug mycotoxin, yog cov zom zaub mov ntawm cov fungi tsim thaum cov noob tsis qhuav thiab khaws cia hauv lub sijhawm, thiab muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov. Vim tias nws muaj tshuaj lom hnyav thiab ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav, cov kev cai nruj tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv zaub mov hauv tebchaws thiab cov qauv pub zaub mov. Aflatoxin M1 belongs rau mycotoxin thiab yog hydroxylation metabolite ntawm aflatoxin B1 hauv tsiaj. Nws yog tshuaj lom thiab carcinogenic. Vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, nws tau teev tseg tias yog carcinogen los ntawm LEEJ TWG Cancer Research Institute thaum ntxov li xyoo 1993.
Muaj txog peb qhov laj thawj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm aflatoxin hauv cov khoom lag luam mis nyuj:
1.mildew pub rau tus poj niam mis nyuj nyuj, ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv nyoos mis;
2.unclean tshuab tu lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem hauv mis nyuj tuam txhab, ua rau cov kab mob me me ntawm cov tshuaj organic;
3. tom qab kev tsim khoom, ntim tsis nruj txaus, tom qab huab cua xau, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj organic hauv huab cua, cov khoom tuaj yeem tsim Aflatoxins.
Aflatoxins feem ntau tsis txuam rau hauv lub cev yog tias lawv noj tsis tu ncua. Kwv yees li ib lub lim tiam tom qab noj ib zaug, feem ntau ntawm lawv yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua pa, tso zis, quav, thiab lwm yam.
Cov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov koom haum tshawb fawb kab mob hauv Asia thiab Africa tau pom qhov sib txheeb zoo ntawm aflatoxins hauv zaub mov thiab mob qog noj ntshav (LCC) Cov. Kev noj zaub mov ntev uas muaj cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm aflatoxin tau suav tias yog qhov ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Ib qho ntxiv, aflatoxins thiab lwm yam kab mob ua rau muaj mob (xws li kab mob siab mob siab) ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau ntxiv ntawm kev ua rau tib neeg muaj kab mob. Aflatoxin yog cov carcinogen muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau tam sim no. Nws cov carcinogenicity yog 900 npaug siab dua hepatocarcinoma, 75 npaug siab dua dimethylnitrosamine thiab 4000 zaug siab dua 3,4-benzopyrene. Nws feem ntau ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv tsiaj thiab tseem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab, raum, qhov quav, lub mis, zes qe menyuam thiab hnyuv me.
Kev phom sij li cas yog aflatoxin M1 rau tib neeg lub cev?
1. Nws lom heev.
Dab tsi yog aflatoxin M1? Xibfwb Fu Liang, tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj Khoom Haus thiab Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Jinan University, piav qhia hauv kev xam phaj nrog cov kws tshaj xov xwm tias aflatoxin M1 yog cov tshuaj lom uas tsim los ntawm aflatoxin, uas yooj yim tshwm sim hauv ntau yam zaub mov, xws li cov nplej thiab nplej. Cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj lom lom heev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tau yog tias noj ntau npaum li cas; txawm tias qhov nyiaj tsawg thiab ntau dhau yog tias tib neeg siv nws ntev, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau tiv thaiv kab mob thiab coj mus rau mis tsis haum, kev loj hlob qeeb thiab carcinogenesis, tshwj xeeb yog mob qog noj ntshav.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv, aflatoxin M1 tau muab cais ua cov carcinogen los ntawm World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Research Institute xyoo 1993. Nws yog ib yam tshuaj muaj kuab lom heev. Aflatoxin yog teeb meem rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj daim siab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab txawm tias tuag rau mob hnyav.
Rau cov kua mis ntshiab uas tau tshawb pom ntau dhau aflatoxin M1, Fu Liang tsom xam, yog tias cov mis muaj cov khoom no, ib qho yuav tsis tsim nyog khaws cia, lossis muaj kab mob sib kis thaum ua thiab thauj mus los, pwm; lwm qhov tuaj yeem yog cov nyuj mis nyuj noj cov khoom noj uas muaj aflatoxin M1 ntau dhau, uas tau xa mus rau mis nyuj hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov mis. Cov mis nyuj ntshiab yuav tau ua kom tsis huv ntawm qhov kub hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, vim li cas nws thiaj tua tsis tau aflatoxin M1? Hauv qhov no, Fu Liang taw qhia tias aflatoxin M1 tsis tuaj yeem tua nyob rau hauv feem ntau kom tsis muaj menyuam, nws muaj cua sov tiv taus.
2. Kev puas siab puas ntsws loj thiab kab mob siab hepatocellular
Nws tau nkag siab tias vim tias aflatoxin M1 yog qhov ruaj khov heev, pasteurization tsis tuaj yeem tua nws, yog li kev kuaj pom ntawm aflatoxin M1 tsis yog tsuas yog pub rau cov ntaub ntawv raw tab sis kuj yog cov khoom kawg yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas.
Aflatoxin feem ntau ua mob rau daim siab, uas ntxiv rau nws cov carcinogenicity thiab mutagenicity, kev tiv thaiv qis dua. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kab mob kis tau qhia tias cov neeg mob kab mob siab B thiab tus kab mob hu ua kab mob siab B feem ntau yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kab mob siab hepatocellular carcinoma nyob rau hauv aflatoxin raug ntau dua li cov neeg noj qab haus huv - thiab Tuam Tshoj yog thaj chaw hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm kab mob siab B.
3. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog aflatoxin yooj yim tsim thiab nyuaj rau tshem tawm.
Thaum aflatoxin M1 tau tsim tawm, nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm, vim tias nws muaj qhov ruaj khov rau lub teeb, cua sov, thiab kua qaub, thiab nws yog qhov chaw yaj (qhov kub pyrolysis) yog 299 C. Peb txoj hauv kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob mis tsis muaj kev pab.
Txhawm rau nkag siab nyuaj nws yog tshem tawm aflatoxin, qee tus kws tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws tau ua qhov kev sim: yam tsis hloov pauv cov mis zoo, ua ntej rhaub. mis nyuj tshiab los ntawm nyuj mus rau 90 rau 10 feeb, tom qab ntawd txias mus txog 20 thiab tom qab ntawd irradiated los ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb rau 30 feeb, thiab thaum kawg txo aflatoxin M1 los ntawm 56.2%... mis nrog hydrogen peroxide ... Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm haus mis nyuj, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshem tawm aflatoxin tsis tseem ceeb.
