Cov tshuaj Aureomycin (chlortetracycline) tshuaj formula yog C22H23ClN2O8. Nws yog xim daj daj crystalline hmoov uas tsim los ntawm kev fermentation ntawm Streptomyces aureofacieus. Cov kua txiv fermentation yog acidified thiab lim kom tau cov nag, uas yog yaj hauv ethanol. Cov khoom nyoos yog tau los ntawm cov kua qaub nag, thiab hydrochloride siv lead ua tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab tsim ntsev.
Nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov kab mob tua kab mob zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj tetracycline, tab sis qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim yog qhov loj tshaj ntawm tetracyclines (chlortetracycline>terramycin> tetracycline). Vim tias nws cov kua dej tsis ruaj khov thiab yooj yim puas hauv nruab nrab lossis alkaline daws, ntsiav tshuaj, hmoov qab zib, granules, thiab txhaj tshuaj raug tshem tawm hauv xyoo 1982, thiab tam sim no aureomycin siv los ua raw khoom rau kev npaj sab nrauv, xws li tshuaj pleev qhov muag.
Aureomycin, tseem hu ua chlortetracycline, yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob pom nyob hauv kab lis kev cai nruab nrab ntawm actinomycete Streptomyces aureofaciens. Nws cov hydrochloride yog yaj hauv dej, thiab cov hauv paus dawb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntsev ntsev, tsis yooj yim yaj hauv dej. Lub ntsiab lus decomposition ntawm cov hauv paus dawb yog 168-169 ° C. Hauv 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, qhov nqus siab tshaj yog 230, 262.5, 367.5 nanometers. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv txhua yam kab mob, rickettsia, thiab chlamydiae. Nws muaj cov kab mob tua kab mob sab heev thiab siv rau hauv kev kho mob. Chlortetracycline kuj tseem yog tus neeg sawv cev tsis sib haum.
Cov kab mob tua kab mob ntawm aureomycin zoo ib yam li tetracycline, thiab nws muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv Gram-positive cocci, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Staphylococcus thiab pneumococcus. Vim tias nws muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim zoo, tam sim no nws tsuas yog siv rau sab nrauv siv los kho kab mob sib kis thiab mob ntsws.
Chlortetracycline muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ob qho kab mob gram-positive thiab gram-negative, thiab tuaj yeem kho tus kab mob typhoid thiab rub hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tus txhawb nqa kev loj hlob. Rau broiler pub qis dua 10 lub lim tiam ntawm hnub nyoog, qhov ntau npaum yog 20-50g/t, nrog rau ncua sijhawm 7 hnub; rau npua pub hnub nyoog qis dua 2 hlis, qhov ntau npaum yog 25-75g/t, nrog rau ncua sijhawm 7 hnub.
Dr. Dager pom tias txawm hais tias tshuaj penicillin thiab tshuaj streptomycin tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob, feem ntau kab mob thiab kab mob tseem tiv taus lawv. Dr. Dager txiav txim siab kawm "av" txhawm rau nrhiav cov lus teb hauv cov kab ke ua neej nyob no.
Tom qab qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm 3,500 pwm teeb tsa hauv nws qhov kev tshawb fawb, Dr. Dager thaum kawg pom cov khoom kub nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv University of Missouri xyoo 1945. Tom qab 3 xyoos ntawm kev tshawb fawb tob tob thiab kuaj, Dr. Dager pom tias nws tuaj yeem nquag thiab ua tau zoo kho 90% ntawm kev kis kab mob, thiab lub npe hu ua "Aureomycin". Lub Latin "Aureus" sawv rau kub thiab Greek "Mykes" sawv rau cov kab mob hu ua fungus. Lub npe tam sim no yog "Chlortetracycline".
Hauv kev sim ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm nqaij qaib, chlortetracycline muaj qhov pom kev loj hlob-txhawb kev muaj peev xwm. Xyoo 1954, Dr. Zeibei pom tias cov tshuaj chlortetracycline qis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm nqaij qaib, npua, thiab nyuj, thiab nyob rau qhov xwm txheej siab, nws tuaj yeem tswj cov kab mob ua pa mus ntev hauv tsiaj. Xyoo 1990, thaum kev lag luam tsiaj noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb tau nce zuj zus, chlortetracycline tau pib ntxiv rau tsiaj noj. Kev sib xyaw ntawm chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, thiab penicillin ib zaug dhau los ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau ntau yam kab mob swine thiab tau dhau los ua kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj ntxiv.
Nrog rau kev nce ntawm cov pej xeem, kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev lag luam tsiaj txhu, nce kev lag luam tsiaj txhu thoob ntiaj teb, Chlortetracycline, uas yog keeb kwm tseem ceeb, tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm ntau txhiab tsiaj.
Chlortetracycline yog thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tib neeg keeb kwm. Nws muaj ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob tiv thaiv feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, Mycoplasma, Spirochetes, thiab lwm yam. Tebchaws Asmeskas kev lag luam yog 100,000 tons. Tuam Tshoj yog lub ntiaj teb thib ob loj tshaj plaws chlortetracycline kev lag luam, nrog rau kev noj txhua xyoo txog 36,000 tons.
Aureomycin yog tshuaj tua kab mob tetracycline, thiab ntau yam rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, atypical mycobacteria, thiab spirochetes nkag siab chlortetracycline. Enterococcus tiv taus nws. Tau ntau xyoo, vim kev siv dav ntawm tetracyclines, cov kab mob sib kis tau zoo tiv taus chlortetracycline, cov kab mob gram-positive xws li staphylococci thiab feem ntau enterobacteriaceae tiv taus. Muaj kev tiv thaiv khaub thuas ntawm ntau hom sib txawv ntawm chlortetracycline thiab tetracycline. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm chlortetracycline yog tias cov tshuaj tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb khi rau Txoj Haujlwm ntawm 30S subunit ntawm cov kab mob ribosome txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm peptide saw thiab cuam tshuam rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab mob protein.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias chlortetracycline tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv prostaglandin synthesis, inhibit leukocyte chemotaxis, thiab txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm mammalian collagenase thiab lwm yam metalloproteinases.
Chlortetracycline yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob ntau yam thiab feem ntau siv los kho ntau yam kab mob sib kis tsiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov khoom seem hauv tsiaj tsiaj, mis nyuj, qe thiab lwm yam zaub mov ua rau tib neeg muaj mob hnyav, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob xws li aplastic anemia thiab leukopenia me me. Cov tshuaj qis qis tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis. Ntau lub tebchaws xws li European Union thiab Tebchaws Meskas tau txwv tsis pub siv CAP hauv kev tsim khoom noj los ntawm tsiaj thiab tau tsim cov qauv txwv nruj.
Tom qab koom nrog WTO, cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb thiab tsiaj txhu tau nce zuj zus los ua cov teeb meem kev lag luam rau cov tebchaws tsim los txwv kev xa tawm Suav cov khoom ua liaj ua teb thiab cov khoom lag luam. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 30, 2002, European Commission tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv pom zoo 2002/69/EC vim tias chlortetracycline tau kuaj pom hauv cov cw txawv teb chaws los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, txwv tsis pub ntshuam Tuam Tshoj cov khoom noj los ntawm tsiaj, ncaj qha ua rau Tuam Tshoj cov khoom lag luam dej xa tawm ntau dua $ 600 lab nyiaj txiag poob.
Aureomycin yog cov tshuaj uas yuav tom khw hauv dermatology. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov neeg mob ua xua. Nws yog cov tshuaj pleev thiab feem ntau yog siv rau thaj chaw me me ntawm tawv taub hau thiab hlawv. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem kho kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij xws li mob txhab thiab mob plab. Tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim tsis zoo xws li tawv nqaij ua pob liab liab thiab o tuaj tsawg. Cov poj niam uas pub niam mis lossis thaum cev xeeb tub yuav tsum siv tshuaj nrog ceev faj.
Cov chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj ua kom sai sai rau cov kab mob bacteriostatic. Tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv lub cev, nws thim rov qab khi rau tus txais ntawm 30S subunit ntawm cov kab mob ribosome, cuam tshuam nrog kev khi ntawm tRNA thiab tus txais ntawm mRNA-ribosome complex, tiv thaiv peptide saw txuas ntxiv thiab txwv tsis pub cov protein sib txuas, yog li tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. .
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau chlortetracycline nkag mus rau hauv cov cell: ib qho yog kis tsis dhau los ntawm cov pab pawg hydrophilic ntawm txheej txheej sab nrauv; lwm qhov yog nquag thauj los ntawm cov hlwb sab hauv.
Chlortetracycline tshuaj pleev thiab tshuaj pleev qhov muag chlortetracycline zoo ib yam. Lawv ob leeg kho tus kab mob protoplasma lossis mycoplasma, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev siv sib txawv, thiab tshuaj pleev chlortetracycline yog tshuaj pleev. Chlortetracycline tshuaj pleev qhov muag yog tshuaj pleev qhov muag. Chlortetracycline pleev qhov muag tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij tag nrho, tab sis chlortetracycline tshuaj pleev tsis tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm lub qhov muag.
A. Chlortetracycline hydrochloride tshuaj pleev
Chlortetracycline ointment yog siv rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij xws li mob plab, mob me me kub hnyiab thiab mob txhab. Chlortetracycline ointment yog tsim rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob gram-positive xws li Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae thiab cov kab mob gram-negative.
B. Chlortetracycline qhov muag tshuaj pleev
Chlortetracycline qhov muag pleev tau siv rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob gram-positive xws li Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes thiab Streptococcus pneumoniae thiab kab mob gram-negative xws li Haemophilus influenzae; nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab qhov muag pom los ntawm tus mob chlamydia trachomatis.
Chlortetracycline muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ob qho kab mob gram-positive thiab gram-negative, thiab tuaj yeem kho tus kab mob typhoid thiab rub hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ua kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob rau npua pub. Rau broiler pub qis dua 10 lub lim tiam ntawm hnub nyoog, qhov ntau npaum yog 20-50g/t, nrog rau ncua sijhawm 7 hnub; rau npua pub hnub nyoog qis dua 2 hlis, qhov ntau npaum yog 25-75g/t, nrog rau ncua sijhawm 7 hnub.
Kev tswj qhov ncauj ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj calcium, magnesium, thiab hlau ions ua ke nrog chlortetracycline yuav txo qis kev nqus thiab ua kom cov concentration ntawm chlortetracycline. Hom kev ua yuav yog tias chlortetracycline tau chelated los ntawm cov hlau ions los ua ib qho nyuaj nrog qis solubility, uas tsis yooj yim rau nkag mus rau hauv plab hnyuv me me.
Aureomycin belongs rau lub tshuaj tetracycline tshuaj tua kab mob, tab sis kev phiv los ntawm aureomycin yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tetracyclines, yog li thov tam sim no ntawm aureomycin feem ntau yog siv sab nraud: xws li chlortetracycline qhov muag tshuaj pleev.
BALLYA muab a ballya-tetracyclines-xeem qhia rau koj yog tias muaj tetracyclines(xws li tshuaj aureomycin) seem hauv zib ntab, nqaij qaib thiab nqaij npuas.
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