Los ntawm 120 hnub tom qab calving, lub mis nyuj tawm ntawm cov nyuj mis nyuj suav txog 60-65% ntawm tag nrho cov kua mis ntau thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho lub sijhawm lactation. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, vim hais tias cov mis nyuj ntau lawm thiab khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tau ntawm cov mis nyuj nyuj nyob rau hauv txhua theem sib txawv, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom pub nyuj ntawm txawv lactation theem ntawm tib cov zaub mov. Tam sim no, nws tau tawm suab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws los txais yuav txoj kev pub mis ntawm peb theem: theem pib ntawm lactation, nruab nrab theem ntawm lactation thiab lig theem ntawm lactation.
I. Thaum ntxov lactation
Los ntawm calving mus rau 70 hnub tom qab yug me nyuam, cov khoom qhuav qhuav thiab qab los noj mov ntawm cov nyuj mis nyuj tsis tau rov qab ua tiav thiab txog li 15% qis dua li ntawm lactation lig. Thaum lub sijhawm no, nyuj feem ntau poob 35-50 kg ntawm lub cev hnyav, nrog qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub poob ntawm 0.5-0.7 kg, thiab qee zaum, nrog qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub poob ntawm 2-2.5 kg ib hnub. Nyob rau theem pib ntawm lactation, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm concentrate rau roughage, xam los ntawm cov khoom qhuav, yog li 55-60% : 45-40%.
Muaj ob txoj kev pub mis raws li nram no:
1. Peb txoj kev pub mis ib txwm muaj:
Tom qab calving, nyuj raug tso cai pub dawb pub rau cov quav nyab zoo thiab sim kom tsis txhob noj cov pob kws ntau dhau. Tom qab pub mis mloog zoo, saib qhov xwm txheej noj nyob rau hnub ntawd. Yog hais tias tsis muaj concentrated tshuav, thiab ntau cov quav nyab noj, tus ntsuj plig, excrement, thiab rummination yog ib txwm, mis nyuj ntim kuj nce, koj tuaj yeem noj 0.5-1 kg mloog zoo txhua hnub, txwv tsis pub, koj tuaj yeem noj tsis tau. Cov concentrated pub yog pub peb zaug hauv ib hnub, feem ntau tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 kg ib zaug, thiab yuav tsum tau tov nrog roughage ua ntej pub mis.
2. Ua kom tiav txoj kev pub mis noj:
Ua ntej, cov khoom noj khoom haus uas xav tau los ntawm cov nyuj yog xam raws li cov khoom noj xws li mis nyuj, mis nyuj tus nqi, lub cev qhov hnyav thiab qhov hnyav poob ntawm thawj theem ntawm lactation, tom qab ntawd cov khoom noj khoom haus sib raug zoo thiab tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los raug xam, thiab cov mis pub mis yog txiav txim siab. Tom qab ntawd, qhov luv roughage, concentrate, dregs pub, tsis, ntxhia ntsiab, vitamins, thiab lwm yam additives yog sib tov tusyees nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tov khoom (los yog dag) rau nyuj pub dawb. Qhov no yuav tsis ua rau digestive dysfunction, acidosis ntawm lub plab zom mov, overeating, thiab lwm yam teeb meem, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav sib npaug, ces cov kua mis ntau zuj zus.
II. Nruab nrab lactation
Lub sijhawm lactation ntawm cov nyuj tsuas yog dhau 71-140 hnub tom qab yug me nyuam, tab sis cov khoom siv qhuav tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ncov thiab lub cev hnyav pib rov zoo. Nyob rau theem no, cov as-ham uas tau los ntawm nyuj tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab kev tsim cov mis nyuj, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau siv los kho cov ntshav qab zib poob. Yog tias cov as-ham uas tau txais los ntawm nyuj yog qhov zoo sib npaug thiab lub tsev menyuam rov zoo li qub, lawv tuaj yeem muaj estrus thiab yug me nyuam thiab xeeb tub 90-110 hnub tom qab yug menyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau noj cov khoom noj kom tiav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-lactation lub sij hawm. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem pub mis muaj raws li nram no.
1. Kev noj zaub mov kom tiav tuaj yeem noj raws li qhov xav tau los tswj cov kua mis, tsis hais qhov hnyav npaum li cas.
2. Buffers yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau cov nyuj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas nws cov kua mis txhua hnub yog siab dua 35 kg, txawm nyob rau hnub qub lossis lub caij ntuj sov. Cov tshuaj calcium chloride los yog roj hmoov yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau lub caij ntuj sov los pab cov nyuj uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov (hauv thaj chaw yav qab teb xws li Yulin, cov nyuj uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig siab yuav tsum tiv thaiv. kev kub ntxhov siab).
3. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tshav kub ntawm cov nyuj, lawv tuaj yeem noj ib zaug ua ntej hnub sawv ntawm 3-5 teev sawv ntxov thiab qhov ntsuas kub qis tshaj plaws kom nce lawv cov khoom noj thiab tiv thaiv thiab txo qis kev siv lub cev rog los tsim cov mis nyuj nrog lactation siab hauv lub caij no.
Ⅲ. lactation lig
141-305 hnub tom qab calving yog lub sij hawm lactation lig. Nyuj tau nkag mus rau nruab nrab thiab lig cev xeeb tub. Cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj xws li kev saib xyuas, lactation, kho cov ntaub so ntswg, kev loj hlob ntawm cov rog thiab cov as-ham deposition thaum cev xeeb tub. Yog li ntawd, cov kev xav tau ntawm cov nyuj nce ntxiv. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev pub mis rau lub sijhawm no yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Kev noj zaub mov txhua hnub yuav tsum ua raws li qib kev tsim cov mis nyuj thiab cov rog ntawm nyuj. Tsuav yog nyuj yog cov rog nruab nrab (cov tav raug pom tseeb), cov nyuj ntawm cov kua mis sib txawv yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom sib txawv. noj zaub mov theem ntawm kev noj haus, thiab tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev tiv thaiv nyuj los ntawm fattening.
2. Kev kuaj lub qhov quav yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev tso tawm ntawm cov mis nyuj los txiav txim seb tus nyuj puas cev xeeb tub, kom tsis txhob pub mis rau lub sijhawm. Ib tug nyuj tuaj yeem xeeb menyuam ntxaib. Tus nyuj yuav tsum nce nws qhov kev pub mis kom tsim nyog thaum lub sij hawm cov mis nyuj qhuav.
3. Txwv tsis pub pub mis nyuj khov los yog moldy fodder, xyuam xim rau kev tiv thaiv nyuj fetal tiv thaiv kev rho menyuam tawm.